摘要
GIS/GIL在生产与运行过程中不可避免地会产生微米级的金属粉尘,被认为是造成绝缘子沿面闪络等严重故障的主要原因,但目前相关的研究成果较少。对国内外的相关研究进展进行梳理,总结金属粉尘的动力学行为特征以及诱发放电的现象。首先,粉尘在腔体内的运动模式主要包括积聚式吸附和扩散式吸附,其中电场畸变力是引发粉尘吸附的驱动因素,而绝缘子表面电荷和粉尘粒子之间的斥力将分别进一步影响粉尘的积聚和扩散行为。由于粉尘尺寸微小,其所受微观作用如范德华力等更为突出,多物理场中的粉尘受力模型仍是亟待解决的关键问题之一。其次,粉尘在电场中会引发3类放电行为,即沿面闪络、气隙击穿以及扩散式爆炸,但目前对于粉尘诱发放电的条件以及放电发展过程的认识尚不清晰,也缺乏有效的观测手段和表征方法。值得注意的是,粉尘和绝缘纤维在电场中会发生交互吸附,使气隙击穿强度下降20%~40%。受限于粉尘体积小、放电微弱等因素,针对粉尘介观尺度效应的探测方法和检测技术仍是一大难题。最后,总结当前抑制金属粉尘的相关实验措施,其中纳米涂覆在抑制粉尘积聚式吸附方面具有较好的效果,若要同时抑制粉尘的积聚和扩散作用,还须发展新型粉尘诱导捕获技术。
GIS/GIL will inevitably generate micron metal dust in the production and operation process, which is considered to be the main cause of serious failures such as flashover along the insulator, but there are few direct researches at present. In this paper, the related research progress at home and abroad was scientifically reviewed, and the kinetic behavior and induced discharge characteristics of metal dust were systematically summarized. Firstly, the movement mode of dust in the cavity mainly includes accumulative adsorption and diffusive adsorption. The electric field distortion force is the driving factor of adsorption, but the surface charge of insulator and repulsion force between dust particles further respectively determine the accumulation and diffusion behavior. Due to the small size of dust, the micron effects such as van der Waals force are more prominent. So, the force analysis model of dust under multi-physical field is still one of the key problems to be solved. Secondly, there are three kinds of discharge behaviors induced by dust in the electric field, namely surface flashover, air gap breakdown and diffusive explosion. However, the conditions of the induced discharge and the development process of the discharge were unclear, and there were no relevant observation and characterization means. It is worth noting that the interactive adsorption of dust and insulating fiber in electric field can reduce the air gap breakdown strength by 20%~40%. What’s more, due to the small volume and weak discharge of dust, it is still a key problem to develop detection methods and technologies for mesoscale effect of dust. At the end of this paper, the related experimental measures of suppressing metal dust were summarized. Among them, nano coating has a good effect on restraining accumulative adsorption, while if the accumulative and diffusive dust is to be inhibited at the same time, a new induction and capture technology of dust should be developed.
作者
梁瑞雪
刘衡
胡琦
王健
李庆民
LIANG Ruixue;LIU Heng;HU Qi;WANG Jian;LI Qingmin(State Key Lab of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Key Lab of HV and EMC(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《中国电机工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第22期7153-7165,共13页
Proceedings of the CSEE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51737005)
国家自然科学基金(青年科学基金项目)(51807060)。
关键词
金属粉尘
动力学特性
闪络
爆炸
粉尘抑制
micron level metal dust
adsorption characteristics
flashover
explosion
dust suppression
