摘要
背景:小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统驻留免疫细胞,具有感知、管家和防御功能。神经退行性疾病状态下,小胶质细胞功能紊乱导致或加重神经元损伤。目的:探讨神经退行性疾病中小胶质细胞介导的神经元损伤机制。方法:由第一作者以“microglia,neurodegenerative diseases,neuronal injury”为英文检索词,“小胶质细胞,神经退行性疾病,神经元损伤”为中文检索词,检索PubMed、中国知网、万方、维普等中英文数据库2001年1月至2020年1月发表的相关文献。结果与结论:神经退行性疾病中,小胶质细胞受到毒性物质干扰而感知过度导致激活增多,伴随管家功能亢进和强烈的神经炎症,造成神经元损伤;或因特定基因突变而出现感知和管家功能减弱,使毒性物质累积加重防御功能的失调,诱导神经元凋亡或坏死。探索神经退行性疾病中小胶质细胞介导的神经元损伤机制,可为神经退行性疾病的治疗提供多个靶点。
BACKGROUND:Microglia are resident immune cells of the central nervous system that normally perform sensing,housekeeping,and defense functions.In the context of neurodegenerative diseases,the dysfunction of microglia leads to or aggravates neuronal injury.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism of microglia-mediated neuronal injury in neurodegenerative diseases.METHODS:The first author searched for relevant articles published from January 2001 to January 2020 in PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang database,and VIP database with the key words of“microglia;neurodegenerative diseases;neuronal injury”.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In neurodegenerative diseases,microglia perform excessive sensing due to toxic substances during normal function,leading to increasing activation of microglia,accompanied with hyperfunction of housekeeping and intense neuroinflammation causing neuronal impairment.The dysregulation can also be manifested as dysfunction of sensing and housekeeping due to specific gene mutations,which bring about accumulation of toxic substances,aggravating the dysregulation of defense function and inducing apoptosis or necrosis of neurons as a result.Further exploration on the mechanism of microglia-mediated neuronal injury in neurodegenerative diseases may provide several targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.
作者
谢文佳
夏天娇
周卿云
刘羽佳
顾小萍
Xie Wenjia;Xia Tianjiao;Zhou Qingyun;Liu Yujia;Gu Xiaoping(Department of Anesthesiology,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008,Jiangsu Province,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine,Nanjing 210093,Jiangsu Province,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第7期1109-1115,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81701371),项目负责人:夏天娇
国家自然科学基金项目(81730033),项目负责人:顾小萍
十三五强卫工程-重点人才项目(ZDRCA2016069),项目负责人:顾小萍。
