摘要
以伊犁河谷为研究区,以1980—2018年5期土地利用数据与DEM数据为基础,构建景观生态风险指数,采用空间分析、地形分布指数等方法,对伊犁河谷近40年景观生态风险及其与地形的关系进行研究,揭示其景观生态风险时空变化特征及其在各地形梯度下的动态变化规律,为伊犁河谷景观生态建设、生态环境保护与管理规划提供参考。结果表明:①1980—2018年,伊犁河谷土地利用类型以耕地和草地为主;土地利用变化表现为耕地剧增而草地大量减少;土地利用转移方向主要为草地向耕地、建设用地和未利用地转移。②伊犁河谷近40年间景观生态风险整体上呈下降趋势,中生态风险向较低生态风险以及较低生态风险向低生态风险的转移明显。③伊犁河谷景观生态风险呈现出东高西低,南北高中间低的空间分布格局,具有较强的空间集聚效应,以低—低聚集和高—高聚集为主。④伊犁河谷不同等级景观生态风险及转移在各地形梯度上的分布差异显著;地形特征与人类活动的干扰是引起伊犁河谷地区景观生态风险随地形变化的主要因素。
Taking the Ili valley as the research area,the landscape ecological risk index was constructed on the basis of the remote sensing image data and DEM data of 1980-2018a.Spatial analysis and topographic distribution index were used to study the landscape ecological risk and its relationship with terrain so as to reveal the characteristics of the spatial-temporal change of landscape ecological risk under the terrain gradient in the past 40 years in the Ili valley and to provide a reference for the landscape ecological construction,ecological environment protection,management and planning of the Ili valley.The results are as follows.(1)From 1980 to 2018,the land-use types in Ili valley were dominated by cultivated land and grassland;land-use change manifested as a sharp increase in cultivated land and a large decrease in grassland;the land-use transfer was mainly the transition from grassland to cultivated land,construction land,and unused land.(2)Over the past 40 years,the landscape ecological risk in the Yili valley has shown a downward trend with obvious transitions from medium ecological risk to lower ecological risk and lower ecological risk to low ecological risk.(3)The landscape ecological risk of the Yili valley exhibited a spatial distribution pattern of east high,west low,north and south high,middle low,and had a strong spatial agglomeration effect,the high-high and low-low patterns were the main ecological risk distribution mode.(4)The distribution of different levels of landscape ecological risks and their shifts in the terrain gradient of Yili valley had significant differences;the interference from human activities and terrain features were the main factors which caused thechanges of landscape ecological risks with the terrain in Ili valley.
作者
颜瑜严
杨辽
王伟胜
方晖
庄庆威
YAN Yuyan;YANG Liao;WANG Weisheng;FANG Hui;ZHUANG Qingwei(Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2020年第4期125-136,共12页
Ecological Science
基金
国家重点研发计划“一带”核心区域生态环境安全监测与应急响应示范(2017YFB0504204)。
关键词
地形梯度
土地利用变化
景观生态风险
空间自相关
伊犁河谷
terrain gradient
land use change
landscape ecological risk
spatial autocorrelation
Ili valley
