摘要
【目的】了解从高海拔地区引进的藏猪,在广东温暖潮湿平原地区饲养后的繁殖、屠宰和肉质性状,为藏猪在广东地区的资源开发利用和选育工作提供依据。【方法】于2018—2019年间对广东地区3个藏猪饲养点的藏猪进行调查。【结果】藏猪母猪窝均产仔数为8.38(±1.96)头,仔猪断奶成活率为92.53(±9.79)%;仔猪平均初生重为0.75(±0.16)kg,平均断奶重为5.38(±1.18)kg;藏猪公猪胴体重为25.17(±6.14)kg,总瘦肉率为50.46(±4.54)%,皮率为11.90(±2.70)%,骨率为10.30(±1.77)%,脂肪率为25.51(±6.34)%,板油率为7.41(±1.51)%,平均背膘厚为2.80(±0.87)cm;藏猪母猪胴体重为22.35(±5.42)kg,总瘦肉率为51.92(±5.73)%,皮率为12.57(±4.85)%,骨率为10.28(±2.00)%,脂肪率为22.97(±9.04)%,板油率为6.19(±1.89)%,平均背膘厚为2.11(±0.59)cm;藏猪宰后1 h肌肉pH值为6.25±0.08,宰后24 h肌肉pH值为5.25±0.08,剪切力为41.92(±1.02)N,24 h滴水损失为1.74(±0.12)%,肌肉大理石纹评分为2.93(±0.17)分,肌内脂肪含量为3.35(±0.53)%。【结论】广东地区藏猪的繁殖性能及产肉性能较高海拔藏猪有所提升,说明藏猪适宜在广东地区养殖,但藏猪产肉性能、肉质性状较常规瘦肉型猪差距明显,仍有较大的改良提升空间。
【Objective】This study was conducted to understand the reproduction,slaughter,and meat traits of Tibetan pigs which were introduced from high altitude areas and raised in warm and humid plain areas of Guangdong province.These results provide a basis for the exploitation and utilization of resources and breeding of Tibetan pigs in Guangdong province.【Method】Investigation on Tibetan pigs in three Tibetan pig breeding sites in Guangdong province were conducted during 2018 to 2019.【Result】The litter size of Tibetan sows was 8.38(±1.96)heads,and weaning survival rate of piglets was 92.53(±9.79)%;the birth weight of piglet was 0.75(±0.16)kg,and the average weaning weight was 5.38(±1.18)kg.The carcass weight of Tibetan boars was 25.17(±6.14)kg,total lean meat rate was 50.46(±4.54)%,skin rate was 11.90(±2.70)%,bone rate was 10.30(±1.77)%,fat rate was 25.51(±6.34)%,leaf fat rate was 7.41(±1.51)%and average back fat thickness was 2.80(±0.87)cm.The carcass weight of Tibetan sows was 22.35(±5.42)kg,total lean meat rate was 51.92(±5.73)%,skin rate was 12.57(±4.85)%,bone rate was 10.28(±2.00)%,fat rate was 22.97(±9.04)%,leaf fat rate was 6.19(±1.89)%,and average back fat thickness was 2.11(±0.59)cm.After slaughter,pH1h of Tibetan pigs was 6.25±0.08,pH24h was 5.25±0.08,shear force was 41.92(±1.02)N,drip loss at 24 h was 1.74(±0.12)%,muscle marbling score was 2.93(±0.17)points,and intramuscular fat content was 3.35(±0.53)%.【Conclusion】The reproductive performance and meat production performance of Tibetan pigs in Guangdong area were improved compared with those of Tibetan pigs in high attitude area,indicating that Tibetan pigs were suitable for breeding in Guangdong.However,the meat production performance and meat quality of Tibetan pigs in Guangdong were significantly lower than those of conventional lean pigs,indicating that there was still much room for improvement in breeding.
作者
王塑天
潘婕
胡斌
李宝红
杜宗亮
吴珍芳
李剑豪
孟繁明
WANG Suting;PAN Jie;HU Bin;LI Baohong;DU Zongliang;WU Zhenfang;LI Jianhao;MENG Fanming(Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Guangzhou 510610,China;College of Animal Sciences and Technology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;College of Animal Science,South China Agriculture University/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2020年第6期78-83,共6页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
广州市科技计划重点项目(201707020007)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(KTP20190140)
广东省畜禽地方品种保护与开发利用提升工程
清远市创新创业科研团队启航计划项目(2018002)。
关键词
广东
藏猪
杜洛克猪
小耳花猪
杂交选育
性能测定
Guangdong Province
Tibetan pig
Duroc pig
Small-ear pig
hybrid breeding
performance measurement
