摘要
‘燎原1号’是通过自然实生群体选育而成的早熟荔枝品种。该品种树姿开张,树势半圆形,枝条灰白色,叶片内卷、有光泽且厚,果实锥形、中等大,种子细长形或鸡舌形,平均单果质量23.5 g,最大单果质量27.2 g。可食率74.4%,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)19.5%,总糖含量16.5%,可滴定酸含量1.6%,维生素C含量567.0 mg·kg^-1,焦核率达95%,品质中上。果实发育期约70 d,在云南保山成熟期为5月下旬,与‘褐毛荔‘’大红袍’嫁接亲和性好,不易裂果,丰产稳产性好。在云南适宜发展的区域为低纬度低海拔热区。
’Liaoyuan No.1’is an early-maturing litchi variety bred by natural population.In 1994,a litchi superior individual plant was found in the litchi orchard of Liaoyuan team,Lujiang farm,Lujiang town,Longyang district,Baoshan city,Yunnan province.The color of the fruit peel was purple red,the mature period was early,the scorch rate was very high and the yield was stable.After many years regional trials,it was found that the genetic character was stable.In December 2019,it was approved by Yunnan Provincial Tree Species Validation Committee.The species is a tall tree,with tree growth habit spreading and tree vigor semi-circular.The branches are gray.The leaves are narrow,elliptical and involute,with the tips ecoming gradually sharp.The young leaves are yellow green and the old leaves are dark green as well as shiny.The leaves are 12.6 cm long and 3.4 cm wide.The petioles are 0.6 cm long and 0.3 mm thick.The flowers are large and the receptacle is yellow brown.The fruit is cone-shaped,medium large,with purplish red peel and inconspicuous suture.The average weight of single fruit is 23.5 g and the maximum weight of single fruit is 27.2 g.The longitudinal diameter of fruit is 37.5 mm and the transverse diameter is 33.2 mm.The weight of seed is 2.0 g,measuring 25.4 mm long and 13.3 mm wide.The flesh is waxy white and the testa is dark brown,with a slender or chicken tongue shaped appearance.The species is of good quality with 74.4%edible rate 19.5%the content of soluble solids,16.5%the conetnt of total sugar,1.6%the content of titratable acid,567.0 mg·kg-1 the content of vitamin C as well as 95%the coke core.The fruit development period is about 70 days,and the mature stage is the end of May in Baoshan,Yunnan province.The mature stage is 10-15 days later than’Sanyuehong’and 10-15 days earlier than’Dahongpao’.It has good grafting affinity with’Hemaoli’and’Dahongpao’,with is not easy to crack fruit,and has good yield and stability.Taken adult’Dahongpao’as rootstock,the yield per plant is 13.6 kg and 25.7 kg in the third and fourth years after high grafting.Selecting the plot with deep soil layer,high organic matter content and no pollution builds plantations.The row and plant spacing(4-5)m×(5-6)m in flat or gentle slope land and 4 m×4 m in steep slope land.Pruning shall be carried out immediately after fruit picking of adult fruiting trees,mainly with short cutting and light thinning,branch pulling including when necessary.The mature period of the last shoot was from late September to early October.The variety is suitable for large-scale development in the hot areas of low latitude and low altitude in Yunnan.
作者
张惠云
王跃全
高贤玉
宋云连
左艳秀
张翠仙
张发明
向旭
胡桂兵
罗心平
ZHANG Huiyun;WANG Yuequan;GAO Xianyu;SONG Yunlian;ZUO Yanxiu;ZHANG Cuixian;ZHANG Faming;XIANG Xu;HU Guibing;LUO Xinping(Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan 678000,Yunnan,China;Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第8期1264-1267,共4页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
云南省科技人才和平台计划项目(No.2018HB120)
保山市高层次创新人才(No.201805)
国家现代农业产业技术体系(No.CARS-32-29)。
关键词
荔枝
新品种
‘燎原1号’
早熟
Litchi
New cultivar
‘Liaoyuan No.1’
Early-maturing
