摘要
目的:考察小学生受欺负应对方式的现状,以及归因风格与受欺负应对方式的关系。方法:采用儿童归因风格问卷—修订版和"What I Would do"问卷对257名4~6年级的小学生进行测量。结果:①应对方式各维度的分数差异显著(F=95.260,P<0.001);②应对方式的"默默承受"维度存在显著的性别差异(t=-3.437,P<0.01);应对方式的年级差异不显著;③归因风格显著预测应对方式,具体为,正性事件普遍性(β=0.152,t=2.351,P<0.05)、个体性(β=0.139,t=2.154,P<0.05)显著预测"问题解决";负性事件普遍性(β=-0.145,t=-2.282,P<0.05)和正性事件个体性(β=0.135,t=2.127,P<0.05)显著预测"向大人求助";正性事件永久性(β=0.153,t=2.399,P<0.05)显著预测"忽视";负性事件普遍性(β=0.196,t=3.194,P<0.05)、个体性(β=0.139,t=2.272,P<0.05)显著预测"默默承受";负性事件个体性(β=0.132,t=2.061,P<0.05)显著预测"以牙还牙"。结论:小学生归因风格与受欺负应对方式存在密切的关系,归因风格越乐观,遭受欺负时的应对方式越积极;归因风格越悲观,遭受欺负时的应对方式越消极。
Objective:To investigate the chacteristics of coping strategy with victimization among pupils,and the relationship between attributional style and coping strategy.Methods:A total of 257 pupils among grades 4-6 were surveyed with Children’s Attributional Style Questionnaire-Revised and What I Would Do Questionnaire.Results:①Scores of dimensions of coping strategy were significantly different(F=95.260,P<0.001);②The immobilization dimension of coping strategy was significantly different in gender(t=-3.437,P<0.01);dimensions of coping strategy were not significantly different in grades;③Attributional style significantly predicted coping strategy,specifically,global(β=0.152,t=2.351,P<0.05)and internal(β=0.139,t=2.154,P<0.05)dimensions of positive events significantly predict Problem-solving;global dimension of negative events(β=-0.145,t=-2.282,P<0.05)and internal dimension of positive events(β=0.135,t=2.127,P<0.05)significantly predict seeking adult assistance;Stable dimension of positive events(β=0.153,t=2.399,P<0.05)significantly predicted nonchalance;Global(β=0.196,t=3.194,P<0.05)and internal(β=0.139,t=2.272,P<0.05)dimensions of negative events significantly predicted immobilization;Internal dimension of negative events(β=0.132,t=2.061,P<0.05)significantly predicted seeking revenge.Conclusion:There is a close relationship between attributional style and coping strategy with victimization among pupils.Pupils with optimistic attributional style tend to use positive strategies to cope with bullying,while pupils with pessimistic attributional style tend to use negative strategies to cope with bullying.
作者
郑允佳
麦嘉怡
刁绍华
吴丽冰
宁静
ZHENG Yunjia;MAI Jiayi;DIAO Shaohua(Guangdong University of Finance,Guangzhou 510521,China)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2020年第7期1052-1056,共5页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
广东省教育科学规划课题(编号:2018GXJK123)
广东金融学院国家级大学生创新训练项目(编号:201811540010)。
关键词
归因风格
受欺负
应对方式
小学生
Attributional style
Victimization
Coping strategy
Pupils
