摘要
两广等地大豆生产上遇到一种大豆皱叶症,这种皱叶症可在该地区同一个材料上成片发生,导致单株叶面积降低,影响大豆生产。为研究这种大豆皱叶症发生特性,采用随机区组试验设计,利用皱叶症状稳定的华春10号和中黄320以及2018-2019年广西区试和南方区试材料,研究不同播期、不同生长时期、不同环境下的皱叶症变化,并利用皱叶指数进行皱叶症级材料鉴定。结果表明:大豆皱叶的发生受播种时期影响较小,苗期不表现皱叶,生长中期皱叶表现最为严重,后期有减轻的趋势。大豆皱叶症在不同年份年间遗传率98.37%,不同地点间遗传率为99.51%,皱叶指数高(高感)和不皱叶(免疫)的材料在多年间表现稳定,而皱叶指数中等的材料不同年份间变化较大。大豆皱叶症发生具有地域性,广西8个春大豆区试点中有4个点有皱叶发生,发生皱叶区域的皱叶比率有所不同,皱叶比率最高的为贺州,高感材料在发生皱叶症区域皱叶程度变化较小。2018-2019年广西春、夏大豆区试参试材料平均皱叶比率分别为50.00%和50.84%;2018-2019年南方春、夏大豆区试大豆皱叶比率均值分别为65.00%和100.00%。通过对材料皱叶指数分级,鉴定出2份表现稳定的高感材料华春10号和桂夏豆119,以及表现免疫的桂1603等7份材料,这些材料为进一步开展大豆皱叶症研究奠定材料基础。
A soybean crinkle leaf disease(SCLD) appeared in some places such as Guangxi and Guangdong. SCLD could occur in large areas on the same material, which could decrease soybean yield seriously. In order to research on the occurrence characteristics of the SCLD, this study carried out different sowing time, different growth stage and different environments into experiments of randomized block design. Two crinkle leaf materials performed stablely named Huachun 10 and Zhonghuang 320, and together with 50 soybean materials(tested in Guangxi soybean regional test and regional soybean test in south China in 2018-2019) were used in these experiments. Results showed that the occurrence of SCLD was influenced by sowing time slightly. SCLD did not appear in seeding stage, but occurred seriously in mid growth stage and tended slightly in late growth stage. The heritability of SCLD in different years were 98.37% and 99.51% in different places. High sensitive and immune materials appeared stably in different years. Middle types changed greatly and SCLD occurred regionally. The occurrence of SCLD were found in four of eight places during Guangxi soybean regional test in 2019. The crinkle leaf ratios(CLRs) were different in different places and it was the highest in Hezhou. Crinkle leaf degree of high sensitive materials changed more slightly. The average CLR of spring and summer soybean materials in Guangxi soybean regional test was 50.00% and 50.84% respectively,and it was 65.00% and 100.00% in regional soybean test in south China. Two high sensitive materials named Huachun 10 and Guixiadou 119, and seven immune materials such as Gui 1603 were identified, which could be used for further research on SCLD.
作者
陈文杰
陈渊
韦清源
郭小红
汤复跃
杨萌
叶万典
梁江
CHEN Wen-jie;CHEN Yuan;WEI Qing-yuan;GUO Xiao-hong;TANG Fu-yue;YANG Meng;YE Wan-dian;LIANG Jiang(Cash Crops Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Maize Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Scientific Research Division,Hezhou Academy of Agricltral Sciences,Hezhou 542800,China)
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期431-441,共11页
Soybean Science
基金
广西自然科学基金(2019GXNSFAA185009,2019GXNSFBA185007)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-CES30)
广西农业科学院团队项目(2015YT59)
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB16380097,桂科AB18221057)。
关键词
大豆
皱叶症
皱叶指数
发生特性
鉴定
Soybean
Crinkle leaf disease
Crinkle leaf index
Occurrence characteristics
Identification
