摘要
目的比较快速上肢评估(RULA)和快速全身评估(REBA)两种工作姿势风险等级评估方法在制鞋业姿势负荷风险评估中的应用。方法采用RULA、REBA两种方法,对某制鞋企业33个主要作业活动进行现场调查、观测和视频录制,评估其风险等级,并对评估结果标准化后进行比较。结果 RULA法评估中等风险级别作业活动26个,占78.8%(26/33);高风险级别作业活动6个,占18.2%(6/33);极高风险等级作业活动1个,占3.0%(1/33)。REBA法评估中等风险级别作业活动29个,占87.9%(29/33);高风险级别作业活动3个,占9.1%(3/33);极高风险等级作业活动1个,占3.0%(1/33)。两种方法风险评估等级一致的作业活动30个,占90.9%(30/33)。两种评估方法不一致的为裁断车间的印刷、成型车间的打钉和配双3个作业活动,且RULA方法评估的风险等级高于REBA方法,归一化评分值RULA得分均高于REBA得分。结论 RULA和REBA两种方法对制鞋业的姿势负荷风险评估结果高度一致性,RULA似更加严谨,可能是更有利于保护劳动者的评估方法。
Objective The aim of this study was to compare different risk assessment methods of work posture in shoe-making industry.Methods Using rapid upper limb assessment(RULA)and rapid entire body assessment(REBA)to survey the postural overloads of 33 main work activities in a shoe-making factory and evaluated the risk level,then compare the results after normalizeing the absolute values.Results According to the assessment results of RULA,there were 26 medium-risk activities ac-counted for 78.8%(26/33),6 were high-risk activities accounted for 18.2%(6/33),1 extremely high activity accounted for 3.0%(1/33);while the results from REBA,there were 29 belonged to medium-risk work activities accounted for 87.9%(29/33),3 belonged to high-risk activities accounted for 9.1%(3/33),1 was high-risk activity accounted for 3.0%(1/33);there were 30 work activities with the same risk assessment level by both two methods which accounted for 90.9%(30/33).The incon-sistency results by two assessment methods were only three job activities:printing of cutting workshop,nailing and matching in molding workshop,comparing the normalized scores of two methods,all of the RULA scores were higher than that of the REBA scores for all of the work activities.Conclusion The results suggested that the results of postural risk assessment in shoe-making industry by RULA and REBA methods were high consistent.RULA seemed more rigorous and may be a better assessment way for protecting the health of workers.
作者
沈波
许旭艳
罗秀凤
陈曦
刘佩芳
王忠旭
姜雨
罗雨佳
SHEN Bo;XU Xu-yan;LUO Xiu-feng;CHEN Xi;LIU Pei-fang;WANG Zhong-xu;JIANG Yu;LUO Yu-jia(Fuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350004,China)
出处
《中国工业医学杂志》
CAS
2020年第3期195-200,共6页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine
基金
中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(131031109000150003)
2018年福建省卫生计生青年科研课题(2018-2-36)。
