摘要
在当前逆全球化浪潮下,主要发达国家投资政策出现了“外紧内松”的特点,即对外国投资政策的趋紧和国内投资政策的宽松。在此背景下,世界FDI受到严重冲击,但生产性服务业FDI却逆势增长,在行业结构和区域分布上出现了一些新趋势和新特点。本文总结了世界生产性服务业FDI的新趋势,揭示生产性服务业FDI逆势增长的逆向动力、正向动力及其作用机制。作为应对策略,中国应推动生产性服务业FDI全球布局多元化发展,推动布局“一带一路”沿线国家生产性服务业FDI,以“新基建”引导生产性服务业新一轮开放,不断优化外商营商环境,推动并引领全球数字经济领域投资的规则制定。
The anti-globalization wave in investment area is reflected by“external tightness and internal looseness”of investment policy in developed countries:on the one hand,these countries introduce investment restrictions or strengthen screening of foreign investment in key areas,on the other hand,creating a relative friendly atmosphere for the return of domestic enterprises'funds by taxation reduction,subsidies and other ways.Under the situation of anti-globalization wave,the global FDI has been negatively affected.However,the global FDI of producer services industry grows dramatically and appears new characteristics:from the industry structure,the global FDI of producer services industry is more diversified,and the industry concentration also increases.From the perspective of regional distribution:The global FDI inflows and outflows of producer services industry in developed countries have been strongly increased and the global FDI of producer services industry has increasingly been concentrated among developed countries or developing countries.Influenced by the anti-globalization wave,“external tightness and internal looseness”of investment policy in developed countries has become the main reverse force of changes in the global FDI of producer services industry.Positive dynamics come from endogenous factors such as firm strategy and industry chain driving,or exogenous factors including investment liberalization policies and technology advance.The interweaving of positive and reverse dynamics has shaped the new pattern of the global FDI of producer services industry:the structure of FDI in the global productive services industry has changed under the interweaving of“internal looseness”of domestic investment policies in developed countries and digital technology advance,while on the other hand,the FDI inflows and outflows among developing countries has become increasingly active under the interweaving of“external tightness”of foreign investment policies in developed countries and firm strategy transfer.Facing the anti-globalization wave,the unreasonable structure of China's producer services industry and the rapid rise of the digital economy,this paper puts forward policy suggestions from five aspects:First,China should strengthen the policy guidance for FDI in producer services industry and promote the diversified development of FDI inflow and outflow.Secondly,China needs to vigorously promote productive services FDI along the“Belt and Road”countries,both meeting the need of Chinese existing companies and seizing the markert opportunities along“Belt and Road”countries.Thirdly,China should guide a new round of opening up of productive services through“new infrastructure”.Fourthly,continuously optimize the environment for foreign investment and promote the sustained growth of FDI in the producer services industry.Finally,as an important force in the global digital economy,China should take advantage of the opportunity to accelerate the construction of“new infrastructure”in the digital economy,promoting and leading the rule-making of investment in the global digital economy and improve the investment environment in areas related to the global digital economy.
作者
戚聿东
朱正浩
QI Yu-dong;ZHU Zheng-hao(Business School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,China;College of Business Administration,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing,100070,China)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第7期56-74,共19页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“技术标准与知识产权协同推进数字产业创新的机理与路径研究”(19ZDA077)
浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目“面向全球价值网络的浙江现代服务业集群发展路径再思考”(15NDJC162YB)。
关键词
逆全球化
生产性服务业
FDI
动力机制
anti-globalization
producer service industry
FDI
dynamics mechanism
