摘要
合理的刈割对提高牧草利用价值,维护草地生态系统稳定具有重要意义。以高寒退化草地为研究对象,进行秋季刈割后,研究了刈割对高寒退化草地牧草产量、草地群落多样性、土壤特性及牧草品质等指标的影响。结果表明:刈割处理后,草地总地上生物量以及莎草科、豆科和杂类草地上生物量有所增加,其中豆科增加显著(P<0.05),且禾本科、莎草科以及豆科生物量显著高于上一年(P<0.05)。草地群落各多样性指数均有增加趋势,且香农威纳指数、物种丰富度指数均显著高于围封(P<0.05)。刈割后土壤全氮、有机质及速效磷含量有降低趋势,而硝态氮和铵态氮含量显著增加(P<0.05),且刈割2年的铵态氮含量显著高于刈割1年(P<0.05);速效钾含量较围封有所增加,而全钾含量显著低于围封(P<0.05)。刈割后,牧草粗脂肪、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维等营养成分含量变化不显著。
Rational clipping is vital to improve the pasture utilization and maintain the stability of grassland ecosystem.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the effect of autumn clipping on the forage yield and quality,grassland community diversity,and soil characteristics in degraded alpine grassland.The results showed that total aboveground biomass,biomass of the Cyperaceae,Leguminosae and weeds were increased after clipping,in which Leguminosae[JP2]biomass was significantly influenced by rational clipping(P<0.05)and biomass of Gramineae,Cyperaceae and Leguminosae were significantly higher than those of last year(P<0.05).Diversity indexes of grassland communities showed an increasing trend.Furthermore,Shannon Weiner index and richness index were significantly higher than those of enclosed plots(control)(P<0.05).With regard to the effect of clipping on the soil properties,soil organic matter,total nitrogen and available phosphorus were decreased,contents of NH+4-N and NO-3-N were significantly increase,and the content of NH+4-N was significantly higher in treatment two years after clipping for than that of one year after clipping(P<0.05).The content of available potassium was increased compared with the control group,while the total potassium was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).In terms of forage nutrition,contents of crude protein,ether extract,crude ash,acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were not significantly influenced by clipping.
作者
王玉琴
王宏生
宋梅玲
鲍根生
WANG Yu-qin;WANG Hong-sheng;SONG Mei-ling;BAO Gen-sheng(State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture/Qinghai University of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine(Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine),Xining 810016,China)
出处
《中国草地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期61-69,共9页
Chinese Journal of Grassland
基金
青海省科技成果转化专项(2019-SF-151,2016-NK-136)。
关键词
退化草地
秋季刈割
生产力
草地资源
Degraded grassland
Autumn clipping
Productivity
Grassland resources
