摘要
目的:调查苏州市4家三级医院的PIVAS药师工作强度、疲劳状况和压力现状,为改善药师工作条件、提高工作效率提供依据。方法:共纳入79名PIVAS药师,按照岗位分为:审方药师、核对药师和调配药师,调查时长为5个工作日。采用可携带实时量化工具采集核对药师岗位的日行走步数,上班期间的站立时间和低头时间。采用疼痛数字法(NRS)对调配药师临下班时的颈椎和手腕疼痛进行评分,记录调配药师的锐器伤。记录舱内药师的工作时间和不适感。所有药师在线完成视疲劳主观疲劳症状评分表、FAI量表、FS-14量表、MBI-GS职业倦怠量表和药师压力源问卷调查。用SPSS软件对数据进行整理和分析。结果:大部分核对药师的岗位日人均步数接近医疗人员平均日步数(6345步),每日岗位站立时间和岗位低头时间为4~6 h。97.62%的调配药师出现不同程度的手腕和颈椎疼痛。各医院舱内工作药师每日舱内工作时间为3.40~5.67 h,出现不适感的比例为45.45%~88.89%,其中,困倦、干燥是舱内工作药师们最常见的不适感。4家医院共19名调配药师出现锐器伤,次数为31次。审方、调配、核对岗位的药师们均存在一定程度的视疲劳,其中核对药师的视疲劳评分最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。75%的药师存在不同程度的疲劳,不同岗位的药师在躯体疲劳、脑力疲劳和疲劳总分值方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同岗位药师在情感衰竭、去人性化和职业倦怠总分值方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但个人成就感方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),调配药师成就感得分最高,审方药师成就感得分最低。92%的药师觉得压力中等以上,出现差错问责和工作强度是PIVAS药师最有压力的部分。结论:PIVAS不同岗位的药师身体疲劳部位、程度不同,但均存在工作强度大、压力大。
Objective:To survey the working intensity,fatigue and pressure of PIVAS pharmacists in four hospitals in Suzhou,so as to provide basis for improving working conditions and working efficiency of pharmacists.Methods:A total of 79 PIVAS pharmacists were included,and divided into prescription checking pharmacists,rechecking pharmacists and deploying pharmacists.The investigation lasted for 5 working days.The daily walking steps,standing time and bending time of rechecking pharmacists were collected by portable real-time quantitative tool.NRS was used to score the cervical spine and wrist pain of deploying pharmacists at the end of working hours,and sharp instrument injuries of pharmacists were recorded.The pharmacists’working time and discomfort in the cabin were recorded.Visual fatigue subjective fatigue symptom scale,fatigue assessment instrument,fatigue scale-14,MBI-GS job burnout scale and pharmacist stressors questionnaire were completed online by all pharmacists.SPSS was used to sort out and analyze the data.Results:The average daily working steps of most pharmacists were close to the average daily steps of medical personnel(6345 steps),and the standing time and bending time were 4-6 h.Totally 97.62%of the deploying pharmacists had different degrees of wrist and cervical pain.Pharmacists working in the cabin of each hospital spent 3.40-5.67 h in the cabin every day,and the incidence of discomfort was 45.45%-88.89%.Drowsiness and dryness were the most common discomfort for pharmacists working in the cabin.A total of 19 pharmacists in the four hospitals suffered from 31 times of sharp instrument injuries.PIVAS pharmacists all had a certain degree of visual fatigue,among which rechecking pharmacists’visual fatigue score was the highest with statistically significant difference(P<0.01).Totally 75%of the pharmacists had different degrees of fatigue,and there were no significant differences in physical fatigue,mental fatigue and fatigue total score among the pharmacists in different positions(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in emotional exhaustion,dehumanization and total scores of job burnout among the pharmacists in different positions.However,there were significant differences in personal accomplishment among the pharmacists in different positions(P<0.05).The deploying pharmacists had the highest achievement score and the prescription checking pharmacists had the lowest one.Totally 92%of the pharmacists felt that they were under moderate or above pressure.Accountability for errors and intensity of work were the most stressful parts of PIVAS pharmacists.Conclusion:Pharmacists in different positions of PIVAS have different parts and degrees of fatigue,and they all have high working intensity and pressure.
作者
段露芬
周琴
刘馨
李然
薛苏冬
Duan Lufen;Zhou Qin;Liu Xin;Li Ran;Xue Sudong(Department of Pharmacy,Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital,Jiangsu Suzhou 215002,China)
出处
《中国药师》
CAS
2020年第2期391-395,共5页
China Pharmacist
基金
苏州市科技发展计划项目(编号:SYSD2018242、SS201848)。
