摘要
从公交信号优先的原则出发,考虑公交到达率的不确定性对周期长度、绿灯时间等合理调整,针对多路公交车共用同一公交专用道情况,提出以人均总延误最小为目标,分别以绿灯时间差模型和Webster最佳周期模型为信号配时计算模型计算交叉口信号配时参数,选取两者中造成人均延误最小的结果作为最终信号配时方案的计算方法。另外,除采用原有Webster最佳周期计算模型进行信号配时计算,还结合随机机会约束规划方法提出了以各相位绿灯时间与所需绿灯时间差绝对值之和最小为目标的绿灯时间差模型,通过随机模拟与微粒群算法的结合,给出了求解随机机会约束规划的新算法。以设有公交专用道的两相位信号交叉口为例设计算例,结果证明,公交车到达率的随机变化特性对于其所在交叉口信号配时参数的设置有明显影响,验证了公交被动优先对交叉口信号配时参数动态调整的有效性。本文模型根据被动优先中调整了周期时长及绿信比策略确定更优信号配时方案,相较仅以Webster最佳周期模型为依据计算人均延误的传统模型,最小人均延误模型平均降低了8.12%的人均延误,证明了最小人均延误模型的有效性。说明最小人均延误模型可更好描述公交车到达率的波动性,降低对社会车辆负面影响,达到减少人均延误,提高交叉口通行效率的目的。
Starting from the principle of bus signals priority,considering the uncertainty of bus arrival rates,reasonable adjustments are made to the cycle length and green time.Aiming at the situation that multiple buses share the same bus lane,the goal is to minimize the total per capita delay,and use the green time difference model and the Webster optimal cycle model as the signal timing calculation model to calculate the signal timing parameters of the intersection.The result that causes the least per capita delay is used as the calculation method of the final signal timing scheme.In addition to using the original Webster’s best cycle calculation model for signal timing calculations,combined with the random opportunity constraint programming method,a green time difference model with the minimum sum of the absolute value of the green time and the required green time as the minimum is proposed.Combined with particle swarm optimization,a new algorithm for solving stochastic opportunity constrained programming is presented.Taking a two-phase signal intersection with a bus lane as an example,the results prove that the random change of the bus arrival rate has a significant effect on the setting of the signal timing parameters of the intersection where it is located,and it is verified that the bus passive priority gives priority to the intersection signal Effectiveness of dynamic adjustment of timing parameters.The model in this paper adjusts the cycle time and green time ratio strategy to determine a better signal timing scheme based on passive priority.Compared with the traditional model that calculates the per capita delay based on the Webster’s best cycle model,the minimum per capita delay model has an average reduction of 8.12%.The per capita delay proves the validity of the minimum per capita delay model.It shows that the minimum per capita delay model can better describe the volatility of bus arrival rates,reduce the degree of negative impact on social vehicles,reduce the per capita delay,and improve the efficiency of intersection traffic.
作者
张雅然
马凯
白玲
Yaran Zhang;Kai Ma;Ling Bai(School of Traffic and Transportation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《青海交通科技》
2020年第1期8-16,共9页
Qinghai Transportation Science and Technology
关键词
交通工程
公交优先
被动优先
机会约束规划
信号配时
微粒群算法
traffic engineering
bus priority
passive priority
opportunity-constrained programming
signal timing
particle swarm optimization
