摘要
有机玻璃属于易燃材料,存在严重的火灾隐患,其阻燃配方设计需要同时对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯进行耐热改性和阻燃设计,并兼顾热变形性和机械性能等方面.改善耐热性主要通过在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯上增加链段刚性、主价交联和副价交联,从而减缓甲基丙烯酸甲酯的分解,减少阻燃配方设计时阻燃剂用量.为了设计高玻璃化转变温度的材料,提高阻燃有机玻璃的力学性能,应尽可能降低添加型和可聚合型磷酸酯类阻燃剂的用量,其中可聚合磷酸酯类阻燃剂是今后阻燃有机玻璃技术发展的重要方向.在透明度要求不高的领域,采用二氧化硅纳米粉、氧化锌纳米棒、磷酸铝和石墨烯片状纳米材料与阻燃剂复配也可以得到良好的阻燃效果.
Poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) is seriously inflammable for fire hazard. Improving heat resistance and designing formula with flame retardant are two significant issues for flame retardant PMMA(FR-PMMA). Enhancing the rigidity of chain segment, the crosslinking through main valence or secondary valence of PMMA could improve the heat resistance of PMMA, thus slowing down the decomposition and monomer overflow. Enhanced heat resistance will be helpful for lowering flame retardancy. For higher glass transition temperature and therefore the mechanical properties of FR-PMMA, the amount of additive flame retardants and polymerizable phosphate should be minimized and the latter would be an promising direction in the future. When transparency is not seriously considered practically, silicone nanopowder, zinc oxide nanorods, aluminum phosphate and graphene nanoflake can also be used together with organic phosphates.
作者
程舒玲
窦桂桂
李昀谦
孙秀玉
彭海宁
张兴华
王振卫
李俊
CHENG Shuling;DOU Guigui;LI Yunqian;SUN Xiuyu;PENG Haining;ZHANG Xinghua;WANG Zhenwei;LI Jun(School of Chemical and Enuironmental Engineering,Shanghai Instiute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China)
出处
《化学研究》
CAS
2019年第6期562-571,共10页
Chemical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金(21871182).
关键词
有机玻璃
阻燃
耐热改性
PMMA
flame retardant
heat resistance modification
