摘要
【目的】本文旨在探明不同生物菌剂对西红柿生长的作用效果。【方法】2017-2018年设置田间小区试验,采用生物统计学方法,研究了4种生物菌剂(枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂30 kg·hm^-2、"施倍健"哈茨木霉菌剂22.5 kg·hm^-2、渝峰"99"植保30 kg·hm^-2、中农绿康45 kg·hm^-2)随水滴施对西红柿生长、产量、品质及土壤理化性状的影响效应,并与常规化肥处理(2179.5 kg·hm^-2)进行对比分析。【结果】4种菌剂滴施后植株长势整齐、主茎发育强壮,株高较对照增加了10~26 cm,茎粗增加了0.6~1.3 cm;果实产量较对照增加1.22~1.53倍,较化肥处理增幅34.33%~53.65%;西红柿脐腐病和灰霉病发病率显著减轻;西红柿外观和内在品质得到不同程度改善,较化肥处理,果色均匀度、果实成熟度显著提高,较对照果实Vc含量提高14.40%~49.94%,糖分含量增加了8.68%~37.85%,可滴定酸下降了28.89%~56.76%。同时,4种生物菌剂滴施后对土壤理化性状具有显著影响,较化肥处理土壤pH、电导率略有下降,降低了土壤盐渍化的发生,有机质含量增加了30.43%~83.48%;较对照处理土壤有机质、速效氮、磷、钾养分元素显著增加,有机质增加了66.67%~134.44%,表明所用生物菌剂具有改良土壤肥力的作用。【结论】4种生物菌剂应用于西红柿,均起到促生增产、抑制病害及改善品质作用,作用效果由大到小依次为:渝峰"99植保"、中农绿康、枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂、"施倍健"哈茨木霉菌剂,这与不同菌剂的成分、作用机理及其对土壤微环境改良效果密切相关。
【Objective】The present paper aimed to clear the effects of different biological agents on tomato growth.【Method】This study designed field split plot experiment and adopted biometrical method to research the effects of Bacillus subtilis agent(30 kg·hm^-2),Trichoderma humatum agent(22.5 kg·hm^-2),Yufeng‘99’agent(30 kg·hm^-2),Zhongnonglyukang agent(45 kg·hm^-2)on tomato growth,yield,quality and soil physico-chemical properties in 2017-2018,and the application effects were compared and analyzed with the conventional chemical fertilizer(2179.5 kg·hm^-2)simultaneously.【Result】There were obvious promotion effects on tomato growth,yield and quality when four biological agents applied.The tomato height increased by 10-26 cm and the stem diameter increased by 0.6-3.0 cm compared with the control.The fruit yield was increased significantly under different biological agents application,which was 1.22-1.53 times higher than that of the control and was 34.33%-53.65%higher than that of the chemical fertilizer treatment.Besides,the incidence rate of umbilical rot and gray mold diseases of tomato were significantly reduced.The external and internal quality of tomato were improved in each agent application treatment,comparing with the chemical fertilizer treatment,the fruit color uniformity and maturity were increased significantly,and comparing with the control,the fruit Vc content increased by 14.40%-49.94%,the sugar content increased by 8.68%-37.85%,and the titratable acidity reduced by 28.89%-56.76%.Meanwhile,these biological agents application through drip irrigation had significant effect on physico-chemical properties,compared with the chemical fertilizer treatment,the organic matter content increased by 30.43%-83.48%,and the soil pH and conductivity decreased slightly,which reduced the occurrence of soil salinization,and compared with the control treatment,the organic matter content increased by 66.67%-134.44%,and the available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium also increased significantly.These data showed that the four biological agents could improve soil fertility.【Conclusion】This study indicated that the four biological agents could promote tomato growth,reduce diseases and improve yield and quality,the order of the promotion effects was as follows:yufeng‘99’agent>Zhongnonglyukang agent>Bacillus subtilis agent>Trichoderma humatum agent,which was closely related to component and mechanism of different biological agents and the effects of agents on soil microenvironment.
作者
石磊
王军
陈云
宋方圆
吕宁
SHI Lei;WANG Jun;CHEN Yun;SONG Fang-yuan;Lü Ning(Institute of Field Water Conservancy,Soil and Fertilizer Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Xinjiang Shihezi 832000,China;College of Economics and Management,Shihezi University,Xinjiang Shihezi 832003,China;Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Xinjiang Shihezi 832000,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期584-589,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
兵团科技攻关与成果转化(2016AB011)
兵团科技攻关计划(2011BA024)
兵团现代农业科技攻关项目(2015AC008)
兵团重大科技项目(2016AA002-2)。
关键词
生物菌剂
随水滴施
西红柿
生长发育
产量
品质
土壤理化性状
Biological agent
Drip irrigation
Tomato
Growth
Yield
Quality
Soil physico-chemical properties
