摘要
目的了解广州市居民听觉健康现状和耳聋防治知识水平,分析听觉健康的影响因素,为制定相应的健康教育和干预措施提供科学依据。方法自行设计问卷,于2018年12月—2019年1月,应用随机抽样法对广州市300名受访者开展听觉健康状况、耳聋防治知识及用药需求的调查,内容包括:年龄、性别、职业等社会人口学特征,以及耳聋防治知识了解程度、听觉损伤发生时的行为、听力测试经历、耳聋防治措施知晓情况等4个维度问题。结果发放问卷300份,回收有效问卷283份。60.8%受访者自觉有听觉损伤症状,包括自我感知听力下降、耳鸣和听觉过敏;仅有2.5%受访者对耳聋防治知识有较深的了解,而54.1%受访者完全不了解;12.0%受访者能写出简单耳聋治疗措施。此外,耳聋治疗药物的疗效是否显著和副作用大小是受访者最关注的2个因素,口服药物和滴耳剂是人们最易接受的剂型。结论不同性别、不同职业及各年龄段受访者对于耳聋防治知识了解程度区别不明显,居民耳聋防治知识水平普遍不高,应面向全人群、轻/中度耳聋患者制定相应的耳病防治策略和干预措施,开展有针对性的健康教育,提高公众对耳病的知、信、行水平。
Objective To investigate the status of hearing health and the knowledge level for prevention and treatment of deafness in Guangzhou residents,analyze the influence factors,and provide scientific basis for hearing health education and intervention measures.Methods A questionnaire was designed based on the current literature.From December 2018 to January 2019,random sampling method was used to investigate the hearing health status,knowledge for prevention and treatment of deafness and the need for medication among 300 interviewees in Guangzhou.The survey involved socio demographic characteristics such as age,gender and occupation as well as the other four areas including hearing knowledge,test experience,control measures,and behavior when hearing impairment occurs.Results 300 questionnaires were sent out and 283 effective questionnaires were recovered.60.8%of the respondents felt that they had symptoms of hearing impairment including hearing loss,tinnitus and hearing allergy.Only 2.5%of the respondents had a deep understanding of the treatment measures for deafness,and 54.1%of the respondents did not know at all.12.0%of the respondents wrote simple treatment measures for deafness.In addition,whether the therapeutic effect was significant and the side effect was low were the two factors of the drugs concerned by the respondents.Oral drugs and ear drops were the most acceptable dosage forms.Conclusion There is no significant difference among different genders,ages and occupations on the knowledge for prevention and treatment of deafness and their knowledge level is generally low.The corresponding prevention,treatment strategies and interventions should be developed and targeted health education should be carried out for the whole population and the patients with mild/moderate deafness to enhance the KAP level about otopathy.
作者
刘苑晴
温露
张彦
陈钢
LIU Yuanqing;WEN Lu;ZHANG Yan;CHEN Gang(School of Pharmacy,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《广东药科大学学报》
CAS
2020年第2期298-302,共5页
Journal of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81773917)
2018年度国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810573019)。
关键词
耳聋
防治知识
影响因素
广州市居民
hearing loss
knowledge for prevention and treatment
influence factor
residents in Guangzhou
