摘要
目的:了解新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间公众心理状态及随疫情发展的阶段性变化特点。方法:使用为疫情期间寻求心理援助的公众开设的某个线上心理咨询平台心理咨询问题数据进行编码,根据心理健康咨询问题内容和心理健康问题性质两个方面进行归类,结合疫情防控进展时间节点进行分析。结果:按心理咨询内容分,公众在线咨询最多的心理健康问题中焦虑占比最高(45.9%);按心理咨询性质分,以情绪问题为主(44.2%)。29.2%的心理咨询问题是由于疫情直接导致的,70.8%的问题既往已经存在,因特殊时期增加了此类求助者的求助动机。随着疫情防控工作进展,心理咨询问题各内容和问题性质的比例发生变化。虽然主要还是心理健康问题和情绪问题,但第二阶段复工后(2月10日—2月17日),心理健康问题中的睡眠问题比例升高(11.0%升至17.5%),而第三阶段全国新增治愈数超过确诊数(2月18日—3月2日)睡眠问题比例略微下降(16.3%);在心理咨询问题性质中“工作、学习和生活压力”在三个阶段所占比例分别为12.0%、7.8%、5.3%,逐步下降。结论:在突发公共卫生事件中,应重点关注公众情绪问题,尤其是焦虑心理。结合疫情防控进展,关注公众心态变化,通过及时、公开、透明地公布疫情防控进展有利于帮助公众恢复心态。
Objective:To understand the mental state of the public during the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic and the characteristics of the periodic change as the epidemic develops.Methods:The data of the psychological counseling issues from the online psychological counselling platform established for the public need of seeking psychological assistance during the epidemic were coded,and they were categorized based on the contents of the mental health counseling problems and the nature of the mental health issues.In combination with the point of time of the epidemic prevention progress,the data were analyzed.Results:In terms of the categorization based on the mental health counseling contents,anxiety(45.9%)accounts for the highest proportion of mental health problems in the online consultation of the public;in terms of the nature of psychological counseling,emotional problems(44.2%)accounts for the majority.For the psychological counseling problems,29.2%of them directly result from the epidemic and 70.81%existed in the past already because this unique period of time has increased the help-seeking motivation of this kind of help seekers.With the progress of epidemic prevention and control,the proportion of the content and nature of psychological counseling problems has changed.However,the proportion of sleep problems in mental health problems increases(11.0%to 17.5%)after returning to work in the second stage(Feb.10 to Feb.17),while the proportion of sleep problems decreases slightly(16.3%)in the third stage that the new recovery rate of China exceeded the number of confirmed cases(Feb.18 to March 2);in the nature of psychological counseling,the proportions of“work,study and life pressure”in the three stages are 12.0%,7.8%and 5.3%respectively,showing a gradual decrease.Conclusion:In public health emergencies,we should focus on the emotional problems of the public,especially anxiety,and pay attention to the change of public mentality in combination with the progress of epidemic prevention and control.The timely,open and transparent disclosure of the progress of epidemic prevention and control is conducive to helping the public recover their mentality.
作者
李煦
穆新华
范鑫
张蕾
袁丽娜
蔡军
谢斌
LI Xu;MU Xinhua;FAN Xin;ZHANG Lei;YUAN Lina;CAI Jun;XIE Bin(Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China)
出处
《心理学通讯》
2020年第1期28-34,共7页
Psychological Communications
基金
上海市精神卫生中心院级课题(2017-YJ-12)
上海交通大学“新型冠状病毒防治专项”软课题(编号:2020RK57)
上海市卫生计生委卫生行业临床研究专项青年项目(20184Y0152)。
关键词
新型冠状肺炎病毒
心理状态
质性分析
corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)
psychological state
qualitative analysis
