摘要
定县乡村的个案研究,在一定程度上反映了华北平原尤其是冀中农业雇佣关系的本相。该地区雇工以短工最为普遍,其作用不可小视。雇佣劳动的比例明显高于商品经济发达的江南地区,但这一差异并不存在所谓经济落后与资本主义经济发达的悖论。雇佣劳动关系的形成是雇主与雇工自由选择和理性选择的结果,与雇工的供求密切相关。雇主与雇工之间已无明显的经济契约之外的人身限制,雇工工资基本体现了自身价值和供求变化的关系,其名义工资和实际工资均有一定增长。长工工资和伙食待遇除了养活自己以外,还可以供养家里一两个人。与贫农相比,雇农生活不一定是低下的。
The case study of Dingxian County illustrates the reality of the relationship of employment in the plain area of North China, middle Hubei in particular. In this area, short-term labor was the most common form of employment. The ratio of hired labor was even significantly higher than that in the economically more advanced Jiangnan area. The relationship of hired labor between employers and employees was a result of free and rational choices,closely related to the demand and supply of hired labor. In Dingxian County, employers had no obvious personal restricts on their employees beyond their economic contracts. Employees salary basically represented their value and the changing relationship of the demands and supplies and their salary increased both in name and in reality. Long-term laborers income could support themselves and their families. Employed peasants lives were not inferior to poor peasants .
出处
《近代史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期84-99,M0004,共17页
Modern Chinese History Studies
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“近代冀中乡村经济研究”(15BZS100)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“传统向现代的转型:中国近现代日常生活研究”(18JJD770001)的中期研究成果之一
