摘要
美国两极化刑事政策的背后是一整套完整而精密的犯罪控制策略体系。这套策略体系的内在逻辑是对有限的刑罚资源进行开源节流,国家利用社会公众的"集体被害人"的心态,联合社会力量共同治理犯罪,一方面通过社区矫正所承载的社会化规训策略,将矫治资源有选择地倾注在有挽救价值的部分犯罪人身上,同时以以情境预防为主线的社会控制策略维护社会的安全;另外一方面,通过长期监禁刑所承载的隔离策略将不具备矫正价值的人以最小代价排除出社会,从而形成了两极化刑事政策中互相补充和替代的严厉层面和宽松层面。当代美国的犯罪控制策略体系自20世纪九十年代中期以来取得了良好的犯罪控制效果,有很多地方值得我国借鉴。
Behind the polarized criminal policy of the U.S.,there is a complete and sophisticated system of crime control strategies.The internal logic of the system is to open sources and reduce expenditures on limited penal resources.The state unites social forces to manage crimes through the publics "collective victim" mentality.On the one hand,through the socialization training strategy of community correction,resources are selectively poured into some of the perpetrators who can be reformed,while social control strategies based on situational prevention are used to maintain social security.On the other hand,the criminal who have no corrective value will be excluded from the society at the minimum cost by the isolation strategy carried by longterm imprisonment,thus forming a strict and a relaxed level in the polarized criminal policy,which complement each other.The contemporary American crime control strategy system has achieved good crime control results since the mid-1990 s,offering many lessons for China to learn from.
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期259-279,共21页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
国家社科基金后期资助项目“犯罪控制策略研究———以刑罚变革为背景”（项目编号：16FFX011）的阶段性成果
关键词
犯罪控制
刑事政策监禁刑
社区矫正
情境预防
Criminal Policy
Imprisonment
Community Corrections
Situational Prevention
