摘要
当今世界,主权国家仍然是支撑宪法秩序与国际秩序的基础,国家对于宪法与法律制度的构建发挥着不可或缺的作用。20世纪80年代以来,面对国家统一的时代任务,中国共产党人以高超的政治智慧与开放的法律逻辑,创造了"一国两制"的制度,并通过基本法加以具体化。基于国家发展目标与任务,1982年宪法的设计者们通过宪法,为一国主权下实行两种制度提供了合宪性基础,塑造了具有原则性、开放性与灵活性的"两制"形态。经过20多年的实践,以"一国"为前提的"两制"治理呈现出丰富的实践样态。尽管在统一主权国家之内的"两制"之间出现了一些摩擦,但宪法上的国家概念具有疏解冲突、保持平衡的功能。在新时代,我们应挖掘宪法与基本法文本中国家的规范含义,凝聚社会共识,深化对"一国两制"的文明价值及时代命题的认识。
In today’s world,sovereignty is still the foundation supporting the constitutional order and international order.The state plays an indispensable role in the establishment of the Constitution and the legal system.Since the 1980 s,facing the task of national reunification,the Communist Party of China(CPC),with superb political wisdom and open legal logic,developed the "One Country,Two Systems" which has never been applied in history before.The basic laws were established for its implementation.Based on the national goals and tasks,in 1982,drafters of the PRC Constitution wrote down Article 31,which endowed the legitimacy to establish special administration region,provided constitutional basis for practicing socialist and capitalist systems in one country,and created the model of "two systems" embodying the principle of openness and flexibility.After the enforcement of the Hong Kong Basic Law for 22 years and Macao Basic Law for 20 years,the governance philosophy of "two systems" in "one country" has been implemented well.Though there are frictions and conflicts between the two systems,the Constitution has offered solutions to solve them and keep stability. "One Country,Two Systems" is the institutional arrangement to maintain national unity,peace and order.In the New Era,it’s essential to make in-depth study of the normative analysis of the concept of state in the Constitution and the Basic Laws,to strengthen social consensus based on the standards in the Basic Laws,and to deepen the understanding of the civilization value and proposition of the time of "One Country,Two Systems" .
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期19-40,共22页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“中国宪法学文献整理与研究”（项目编号：17ZDA125）的阶段研究成果之一
关键词
国家
一国两制
主权
特别行政区
State
One Country,Two Systems
Sovereignty
Special Administrative Region
