摘要
针对油气长输管道易腐蚀失效、引发油气泄露的问题,对油气长输管道的腐蚀机理及影响因素进行综述,其腐蚀类型可分为化学腐蚀、吸氧腐蚀、H2 S腐蚀、SO2腐蚀、CO2腐蚀、细菌腐蚀、电解腐蚀和应力腐蚀。影响油气长输管道腐蚀失效的因素众多,包括管道自身的材料组成及组织结构、管外腐蚀和管内腐蚀等因素。介绍了目前涌现的管道防腐手段,包括优化管道材料、管道表面敷设保护层和电化学保护等;指出亟需开展管道智能监测工作,有待形成基于多因素数据融合和动态预测的管道腐蚀评估体系,将多种防腐技术配合使用以及环保、防腐效能高的技术开发将是未来发展方向。
Aiming at the corrosion failure and leakage of long-distance oil-gas pipelines,the corrosion mechanism and influencing factors of long-distance pipelines are summarized.The corrosion types can be divided into chemical corrosion,oxygen absorption corrosion,H2 S corrosion,SO2 corrosion,CO2 corrosion,bacterial corrosion,electrolytic corrosion and stress corrosion.There are many factors affecting corrosion failure,including material composition,structure of pipeline itself,and factors outside and inside pipeline.The emerging anticorrosion methods are introduced,including optimizing pipeline materials,laying protective coatings on pipelines and electrochemical protection.The urgent need for intelligent monitoring of pipelines and a scientific and effective corrosion assessment system are pointed out,the combination of various anti-corrosion technologies and the development of environmentally friendly and highly effective anti-corrosion technologies will be the directions in future.
作者
戴巧红
舒丽娜
潘霞青
姜葱葱
Dai Qiaohong;Shu Lina;Pan Xiaqing;Jiang Congcong(Zhejiang Giian Test Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310021,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Jinan,Jinan Shandong 250022,China)
出处
《金属热处理》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期198-204,共7页
Heat Treatment of Metals
基金
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2018LE004)
关键词
油气长输管道
腐蚀机理
影响因素
防护技术
long-distance pipelines
corrosion mechanism
influencing factors
preventive techniques
