摘要
[目的]研究稻虾共作模式条件下,稻田封闭除草剂对克氏原螯虾产生的急性毒性.[方法]采用半静态试验方法,研究3种酰胺类除草剂(乙草胺、丙草胺和丁草胺)对克氏原螯虾的急性毒性,计算3种酰胺类除草剂对克氏原螯虾的安全浓度,并分析其LC50衰减规律.[结果]随着暴露时间和除草剂浓度的增加,虾体侧躺,步行足和游泳足活动频率降低,最终死亡.乙草胺对克氏原螯虾的96h半致死浓度(LC50)和安全浓度(SC)分别为0.0707和0.0146mL·L^-1;丙草胺对克氏原螯虾的96hLC50和SC分别为0.0119和0.0021mL·L^-1;丁草胺对克氏原螯虾的96hLC和SC分别为0.0073和0.0014mL·L^-1.乙草胺、丙草胺及丁草胺除草剂LC50随着暴露时间延长呈下降趋势,符合双曲线衰减模型,回归方程分别为:①y1=2.0840x^-0.7380(R^2=0.9973)②y2=0.1106x^-0.4930(R^2=0.9872);③y3=0.2236x^-0.7480(R^2=0.9990).克氏原螯虾对3种除草剂的敏感性由高到低依次为:丁草胺>丙草胺>乙草胺.[结论]乙草胺和丙草胺可在稻田综合种养生产过程中按常规剂量使用.而丁草胺按常规剂量使用可能存在较大的风险.
[Aim] The widespread use of the herbicides in paddy fields may have some negative effects on Procambarus clarkii under the freshwater crayfisho rice co culture system. [Method] Acute toxicity of three amides herbicides (etochlor proxychlor and buto chlor) on P. clarkii was studied using semi static laboratory procedures to calculate the safe exposure concentrations (SC) and ana lyze the median lethal concentrations (LC50) attenuation law. [Result] The crayfish lay on its side the motion frequency of pereio pods and pleopods decreased and finally died with the increase of exposure time and drug concentration. The LC (96 h) and SC of 50 acetochlor pretilachlor and butachlor in crayfish were 0.0707 and 0.0146 mL·L^-1 0.0119 and 0.0021 mL·L^-1 and 0.0073 and 0.0014 mL·L^-1 respectively. The LC50 declined with increased exposure time duration after 96 h of exposure which basically meetshyperbolamodel. The regression equations were as follows:y1=2.0840x-0.7380(R2=0.9973) y2 =0.1106x^-0.4930(R^2 = 0.9872) y3=0.2236x^-0.7480(R^2=0.9990).The sensitivity of three herbicides in crayfish from highest to lowest was butachlor, pretilachlor and acetochlor. [Conclusion] Under the conventional dose acetochlor and pretilachlor could be used in the freshwater crayfisho rice co culture system while butochlor might have a greater risk in conventional doses.
作者
吴雷明
韩光明
王守红
张家宏
寇祥明
毕建花
王桂良
唐鹤军
李兵
徐荣
朱凌宇
WU Leiming;HAN Guangming;WANG Shouhong;ZHANG Jiahong;KOU Xiangming;BI Jianhua;WANG Guiliang;TANG Hejun;LI Bing;XU Rong;ZHU Lingyu(Agricultural Science Institute of Jiangsu Lixiahe District,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225007,China;Jiangsu Puxing Circular Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225654,China;Yangzhou Longdao Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225615,China)
出处
《生物安全学报》
CSCD
2019年第4期301-305,共5页
Journal of biosafety
基金
江苏省克氏原螯虾产业技术体系项目(JFRS-03)
江苏省自主创新资金项目[CX(19)3052]
江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)(BE2018352、BE2018355-4、BE2018366)
江苏省水稻产业技术体系项目[SXGC(2017)168]
扬州市重点研发计划(现代农业)(YZ2018028)
高邮市重点研发计划项目(现代农业与社会发展)(GY201714、GY201811)
关键词
克氏原螯虾
酰胺类除草剂
急性毒性
安全浓度
Procambarus clarkii
amide herbicides
acute toxicity
safe concentration
