摘要
本试验旨在探究饲料中添加刺五加超微粉对吉富罗非鱼生长、脂肪沉积以及非特异性免疫能力的影响。选取平均体重为(6.50±0.02)g的健康吉富罗非鱼720尾,随机分成6组,每组4个重复,每个重复放养30尾鱼。6组试验鱼分别饲喂添加了0(对照)、0.5‰、1.0‰、2.0‰、4.0‰和8.0‰刺五加超微粉的试验饲料,饲养56 d。试验结束后,测定各组试验鱼的生长性能、血常规指标、血清生化指标、肝脏生化指标以及肝脏中免疫相关基因mRNA相对表达量。结果表明:1)各添加组的增重了(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且以2.0‰组最高。1.0‰、2.0‰、4.0‰、8.0‰组饲料转化率(FCR)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且以1.0‰组最高。2)2.0‰、4.0‰、8.0‰组的白细胞计数(WBC)与8.0‰组红细胞计数(RBC)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但在血红蛋白浓度(HGB)和红细胞压积(HCT)上各组之间均没有显著差异(P>0.05)。3)血清葡萄糖(Glu)含量随刺五加添加量的增加呈先下降后上升的趋势,0.5‰和1.0‰组显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。1.0‰组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性以及甘油三酯(TG)含量均最低,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。血清补体3(C3)含量随饲料中刺五加超微粉添加量的增加先上升后下降,以1.0‰组最高,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。血清溶菌酶(LZM)活性以1.0‰组最高,与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著高于8.0‰组(P<0.05)。4)2.0‰组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和LZM活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),同时该组肝脏丙二醛(M DA)含量最低,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。肝脏总胆固醇(TC)、糖原(Gly)和TG含量随饲料中刺五加超微粉添加量的增加呈先下降后上升的趋势,1.0‰组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,各添加组肝脏中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与γ-干扰素(INF-γ)mRNA相对表达量均显著降低(P<0.05)。综上,在实际生产中,建议在饲料中添加1.0‰~2.0‰的刺五加超微粉,以促进吉富罗非鱼健康生长。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus(AS)ultrafine powder on growth,fat deposition and non-specific immunity of genetically improved farmed tilapia(GIFT,Oreochromis niloticus).A total of 720 healthy GIFT with an average body weight of(6.50±0.02)g were randomly divided into6 groups with 4 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.Six experimental diets which supplemented with 0(control),0.5‰,1.0‰,2.0‰,4.0‰and 8.0‰AS ultrafine powder were used to feed fish in the 6 groups.After feeding 56 days,the growth performance,blood routine indexes,serum biochemical indexes,liver biochemical indexes and the mRNA relative expression levels of immune related genes in liver of fish in each group were determined.The results showed as follows:1)the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of each additive group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05),and the highest values were all found in the 2.0‰group.The feed conversion ratio of 1.0‰,2.0‰,4.0‰and 8.0‰groups was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05),and the highest value was found in the 1.0‰group.2)The white blood cell count of 2.0‰,4.0‰,8.0‰groups and the red blood cell count of 8.0‰group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences among groups in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit(P>0.05).3)The serum glucose content decreased first and then increased with the increase of AS ultrafine powder supplementation,and that of 0.5‰and 1.0‰groups was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05).The serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase activities and triglyceride content were the lowest in the 1.0‰group,which were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05).The content of serum complement 3 increased first and then decreased with the increase of AS ultrafine powder supplementation,and the highest value was found in the 1.0‰group,which was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The activity of serum lysozyme was the highest in the 1.0‰group,which was not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05),but significantly higher than the 8.0‰group(P<0.05).4)The activities of superoxide dismutase and lysozyme in liver of 2.0‰group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).The content of malondialdehyde in liver was the lowest in the 2.0‰group,which was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).The contents of total cholesterol,glycogen and triglyceride in liver decreased first and then increased with the increase of AS ultrafine powder supplementation,and the 1.0‰group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).5)Compared with the control group,the mRNA relative expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interferon-γin liver of each additive group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Brief,in actual farming,it is recommended to add 1.0‰to 2.0‰of AS ultrafine powder to the diet,which can promote the healthy growth of GIFT.
作者
李鸣霄
李红霞
强俊
徐跑
包景文
陈德举
陶易凡
朱昊俊
LI Mingxiao;LI Hongxia;QIANG Jun;XU Pao;BAO Jingwen;CHEN Deju;TAO Yifan;ZHU Haojun(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wu’xi 214081,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishes and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wu’xi 214081,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期5801-5812,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心基本科研业务费专项项目(2019JBFC01)
关键词
吉富罗非鱼
刺五加超微粉
生长
脂肪沉积
非特异性免疫能力
GIFT(Oreochromis niloticus)
Acanthopanax senticosu ultrafine powder
growth
fat deposition
non-specific immunity
