摘要
目的分析病毒核酸检测(NAT)对提高百色市乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)检出率的有效性。方法选取2016年7月至2018年5月百色市中心血站共62554份献血标本,以常规筛查出HBsAg阳性的200份标本作为研究对象,每位标本的提供者采血时分别留取3管血液标本,分别用血清学检测、病毒核酸检测(NAT)及留样备用或确证实验。比较两种检测方法的阳性检出率、灵敏度等。结果200份HBsAg阳性的标本中,ELISA检测出84份阳性,确认阳性为35份,阳性率为41.67%,假阳性率为58.33%;NAT检测出阳性为110份,确认阳性为62例,阳性率为56.36%,假阳性率为43.64%,两者比较,ELISA检测法的阳性检出率低于NAT检测法的阳性率,ELISA检测法检出的假阳性率高于NAT检测法的假阳性率。200份HBsAg阳性的标本中,确认阳性的标本100份,其中4份标本的阳性以NAT检测法为检出,灵敏度为96%,而ELISA检测法未检出19份,灵敏度为81%,两者比较,ELISA检测法的灵敏度低于NAT检测法的灵敏度(P<0.05)。结论病毒核酸检测(NAT)与传统的ELISA检测法相比,不仅提高了HBsAg的检出率,还进一步的缩短了输血传播疾病的检测“窗口期”,开展核酸检测在降低输血感染HBV风险方面有重要意义。
Objective To analyze the effectiveness of viral nucleic acid detection(NAT)in improving the detection rate of HBsAg in Baise city.Methods A total of 62554 blood donation samples were collected from July 2016 to May 2018,and 200 HBsAg positive samples were routinely screened as subjects.Three blood samples were collected from each sample provider,and serological detection,viral nucleic acid detection(NAT),and sample retention were used for standby or confirmatory experiments.The positive detection rate and sensitivity of the two methods were compared.Results Of the 200 HBsAg positive samples,84 were positive by ELISA,35 were confirmed positive,the positive rate was 41.67%,and the false positive rate was 58.33%.The positive rate was 56.36%and the false positive rate was 43.64%.The positive rate of ELISA was lower than that of NAT.The false positive rate of ELISA was higher than that of NAT.Of the 200 HBsAg positive samples,100 positive samples were confirmed,of which 4 were detected by NAT assay,the sensitivity was 96%,while 19 samples were not detected by ELISA assay,and the sensitivity was 81%.The sensitivity of ELISA was lower than that of NAT(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with the traditional ELISA method,NAT can not only improve the detection rate of HBsAg,but also further shorten the detection“window period”of transfusion-transmitted diseases.Therefore,NAT is of great significance in reducing the risk of transfusion-borne HBV infection.
作者
马海燕
MA Haiyan(Baise Central Blood Station,Baise,Guangxi 533000,China)
出处
《大医生》
2019年第5期8-9,15,共3页
Doctor
