摘要
基因芯片 (genechips)可以快速、微型化、自动化地检测大量基因 ,成了生物医学研究的重要推动力。随着微加工技术的发展 ,我们建立了有 12 0 0个微反应池的PCR基因芯片 ,将基因芯片和聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)技术结合在一起。PCR基因芯片综合了基因芯片体积小却可以检测大量基因 ,以及PCR敏感而且容易发现各种基因变异的特点 ,采用以PCR为基础 ,而非以分子杂交为基础的检测方式 ,克服了杂交技术所存在的内在缺陷 ,大大增强了实验的敏感性和可重复性 ;扩展了基因芯片在生物医学领域中应用的范围 ,更适用于各种基因重排、基因突变和基因缺失的鉴定。PCR反应采用荧光探针作实时定量分析。在临床肿瘤和白血病的诊断、人类基因组分析、基因多态性和疾病易感性鉴定、遗传性疾病的基因诊断、动物和植物基因变异筛选。
Gene chips are new miniaturized and automatic tech niques that detect a large amount of genes quickly. They become a great power to push biomedicine fo rward. Following the advance of microfabricate technique, we developed polymeras e chain reaction (PCR) gene chips that included 1 200 micro-reactor and combine d the techniques of gene chips with PCR. PCR gene chips comprehend the abilities of gene chips by which many genes can be detected at the same time and the efficie nt amplification of PCR method by which gene variation can be easily identified with highly reproducible results, thus eliminating the disadvantages associated wi th the routine molecular hybridization techniques in the screening of gene varia tions. PCR gene chips will expand the applications of gene chips in biomedical r esearch, especially in the identification of gene rearrangement and gene mutatio n and deletion, etc. Using fluorescent probe for the real-time quantificati on of PCR product, PCR gene chips can also be used in many areas, such as the clinica l diagnosis of tumors, leukemia and genetic diseases, the analysis of human geno me, the evaluation of the relationship between gene variation and disease suscep tibilities, the identification of microorganisms and the screening of gene varia tions in animals and plants.
出处
《北京大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第5期553-558,共6页
Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金 ( 3 9970 3 2 1)
北京大学生物医学跨学科中心资助
关键词
基因芯片
基因表达
聚合酶链反应
克隆
分子
Gene chips
Gene expression
Polym erase chain reaction
Cloning, molecular
