摘要
果园生草是建设省力高效优质果园的一项关键土壤管理技术。为推动果园生草在新疆地区的推广应用,本文以库尔勒香梨为试验材料,行间种植白三叶、黑麦草、早熟禾、紫花苜蓿、自然生草,以清耕作为对照,研究生草对梨园土壤含水量、土壤容重、pH、有机质及氨、磷、钾的变化。结果表明:生草提高了土壤含水量,降低了土壤容重,提高了土壤有机质的含量,降低了土壤pH,提高了土壤有效磷、速效钾、全氮的含量,降低了土壤碱解氮含量,对土壤全磷和全钾的影响因土壤深度和牧草草种的不同而不同。果园生草改善了果园理化性质,土壤肥力得到提高,但在实际生产中应重视对果园草的追肥,采取及时施肥措施来补充果园生草消耗的养分。推荐三叶草作为省力化高效密植香梨园生草栽培的草种。
Grass-growing in orchards is a key soil management technology for the construction of efficient and high-quality orchards.In order to promote the popularization and application of orchard grass in Xinjiang,this paper studied the changes of soil moisture content,soil bulk density,pH,organic matter content and N,P,K in pear orchard by using Korla pear as test material,planting white clover( Trifolium repens L.),ryegrass( Lolium perenne L.),bluegrass( Poa annua L.),alfalfa( Medicago sativa ) and natural grass in the row,and using clear tillage as control.The results showed that grass increased soil moisture content,reduced soil bulk density,increased soil organic matter content,decreased soil pH,increased soil available P,available K and total N content,and decreased soil available N content.The effects on soil total P and total N varied with soil depth and herbage species.The physical and chemical properties of the orchard were improved and the soil fertility was improved.However,in actual production,attention should be paid to the topdressing of the orchard grass and timely fertilization measures should be taken to supplement the nutrients consumed by the orchard grass.Trifolium repens is recommended as a kind of grass for labor-saving,efficient and compact cultivation of korla fragrant pear orchard.
作者
陈久红
鲁晓燕
李永丰
马建江
蒋媛
叶佳俊
CHEN Jiu-hong;LU Xiao-yan;LI Yong-feng;MA Jian-jiang;JIANG Yuan;YE Jia-jun(College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;Agricultural Scientific Institute of 2nd Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tiemenguan 841005,China;Forestry Seedling Administration Stations of Twelve Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumchi 830013, China)
出处
《黑龙江农业科学》
2019年第7期71-79,共9页
Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
兵团科技支疆计划项目(2014AB003)
新疆生产建设兵团第二师铁门关市现代农业科技攻关与成果转化计划(2017NYGG05)
关键词
库尔勒香梨
生草
土壤理化性质
Korla Fragrant Pear
grass growing
physical and chemical characteristics of soil
