5Williams R Retooling, A historian Confronts Technological Change (Cambridge, Massachusetts, MIT Press, 2003) .
6Auyang, S. Y., Engineering:An endless Frontier (Cambridge, Massachusetts:Harvard University Press, 2004).
7Reynolds,T. S., and Seely, B. E., “ Striving for Balance: A Hundred Years of the American Society for Engi8neering Education”, Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 82, No. 3, 1993.
8Edward F. Crawley, Johan Malmqvist , Soren Ostlund , Doris Brodeur,Rethinking Engineering Education : The CDIO Approach (Springer,2007) ,219.
9Terry S. Reynolds, The engineer in America: A historical anthology from technology and culture (The press of Chicago University, 1991) ,7.
10Kranakis, E., Constructing a bridge: An Exploration of Engineering Culture, Design, and Research in 19th- century France and America (Cambridge, Massachusetts.. MIT Press, 1997).