摘要
该研究以红色晚熟苹果新品种‘瑞阳’及其母本‘秦冠’、父本‘富士’为试验材料,分析各品种果实发育过程中的生长动态、色泽变化以及采收期对其果实品质的影响,为品种栽培管理和推广应用提供参考。结果表明:(1)在果实生长发育期,‘瑞阳’单果质量的变化与双亲接近,单果质量的日增长高峰出现在花后105d,果实发育前期纵径增长较大,果形指数大,在发育后期果形指数降低,至成熟时果形指数达到0.86,介于父母本‘秦冠’和‘富士’之间。(2)套袋处理使果实着色期的色泽参数a*值和花青苷含量上升,但品种间存在差异,套袋处理对‘瑞阳’的色泽参数a*值和花青苷含量影响不大。(3)随果实采后天数的延长,各采收期‘瑞阳’果实淀粉指数逐渐上升,硬度和可滴定酸逐渐下降,而可溶性固形物含量先上升后下降;‘瑞阳’果实在花后174d采收时,果实的硬度和可滴定酸下降均较少,且果实可溶性固形物含量保持在较高水平,能较好地维持该品种的果实品质。研究发现,‘瑞阳’苹果果实膨大期出现在花后105d前后,果实套袋对其表面色泽和花青苷含量影响不大,在陕西渭北以花后174d前后采收为宜。
‘Ruiyang’apple is a new late ripening red apple cultivar which has a good prospect for cultivation.In this study,‘Ruiyang’and its female parent‘Qinguan’,male parent‘Fuji’were experimental materials.The fruit growth and development(including fruit longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and fruit shape index),color change(color parameters L*,a*,b*and cyanine contents)and the effect of harvest period on fruit quality(starch index,fruit firmness,total soluble solids and titratable acid)were studied.(1)Studies on fruit development showed that the longitudinal diameter grew faster and the fruit shape index was larger in the early stage of fruit growth.As the fruit grew,the transverse diameter growth became larger,and the fruit shape index begun to decrease,the fruit shape index fell to the lowest value at105days after full bloom.The fruit shape index of‘Ruiyang’(0.86)was between‘Qinguan’and‘Fuji’,when close to the fruit ripe.(2)Fruit color studies showed that after bag removal,a*and anthocyanin were consequently augmented,while L*,b*reduced of the debagging and exposed peel.The values of a*and anthocyanin of the bagged fruit were higher than that of exposed peel,but there were little difference among‘Ruiyang’.(3)Studies on harvest period showed that the starch index showed an increasing trend with the increase in the number of days after harvest in different harvest date,and fruit firmness and titratable acid showed a decreasing trend.The total soluble solids increased first and then decreased.Therefore,considering the starch index,fruit firmness,total soluble solids and titratable acid,the harvest on174days after full bloom is the best harvest period for‘Ruiyang’apple in Shaanxi Weibei area and its ecological environment similar to the apple producing areas.The studied was that the fruit enlargement period of‘Ruiyang’appeared about105days after full bloom.There were no significant difference between debagging and exposed peel of‘Ruiyang’,The best harvest period for‘Ruiyang’apple was on174days after full bloom in Shaanxi Weibei area.
作者
郭梦月
党美乐
杨亚州
刘俊灵
李红光
赵政阳
GUO Mengyue;DANG Meile;YANG Yazhou;LIU Junling;LI Hongguang;ZHAO Zhengyang(College of Horticulture, Northwest A﹠F University, Apple E&T Research Centre of Shaanxi, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第12期2460-2466,共7页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28)
西北农林科技大学科技成果推广专项
关键词
苹果
新品种
果实发育
采收期
色泽
果实品质
apple
new variety
fruit development
harvest period
color
fruit quality
