摘要
以黄淮冬麦区种植面积较大的普通小麦半冬性品种温麦 6号 (穗数型 )、徐州 2 5 (中间型 )为试验材料 ,采用不同措施于拔节前形成群体规模和特征有较大差异且有代表性的大、中、小三类群体 ,拔节后 (即中期 )对各类群体进行 4种不同施氮量处理 ,重点研究不同类型群体中期施氮肥的调控效应。结果如下 :不同类型群体在中期因苗合理施氮可达到超高产或接近超高产的水平。但大群体中、后期生长不易调控 ,安全生产性差 ,在中、后期以控为主 ,特别是要控制中期的生长量 ,在控制叶源量的基础上 ,稳定适宜的库容量 ,提高粒 /叶比。中群体促控余地大 ,安全生长性好 ,产量潜力大 ,中、后期应在稳定叶源量的同时大力提高库容量。小群体中后期应以促为主 ,协同提高叶源量和库容量 ,大力提高群体的生长量。对氮素积累量、光合势、净同化率与产量的关系分析还表明 ,中群体中后期吸氮强度高而平稳、氮积累量适中、氮素的生产力高、粒 /叶比和净光合速率也高 。
Effects of four rates of nitrogen in middle growth period (from internode elongation to heading stages) on three representative plant populations, i.e. large (high density) and middle and small (low density) populations, were studied with two winter wheat cultivars Xuzhou25 and Wenmai6. The results indicated that the different populations could reach or approach super-high-yield (600 kg/667m 2) via reasonable nitrogen top dressing during the middle growth period. The regulation was not easy for the large population and it must be controlled, especial its growth scale in the late growth period. On basis of controlling LAI (source), the optimum capacity of sink and the higher ratio of grain to leaf area were main objectives. The middle oppulation was regulated easily and safely attained high yield potentiality. The sink capacity should be expanded when LAI was increased coordinately. The small population should be promoted strongly to raise the capacity of source and sink coordinately, especial the population amount. The middle population characterized higher intensity of nitrogen uptake, moderate nitrogen accumulation, higher nitrogen productivity, ratio of grain to leaf area and resulted in the stability of high yielding.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第6期760-766,共7页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家"九五"重中之重科技攻关招标项目 ( 95 -0 0 1-0 2 -0 2 )
农业部
江苏省共建作物栽培生理重点开放实验室资助项目
