摘要
以普通小麦半冬性品种徐州25为试验材料,分别在北方冬麦区的河南省武陟县(N35.1°)与南方冬麦区的江苏省扬州市(N32.4°)培育超高产群体。通过比较分析,初步揭示了两地超高产小麦群体的吸氮特性:(1)与一般高产群体相比,超高产群体吸氮总量约增10％,其中主要增大了生育中、后期的吸氮强度,增加了中、后期吸氮量。(2)北方冬麦区(武陟)超高产群体总吸氮量与各主要生育期氮积累量均高于南方冬麦区(扬州)。不同生育阶段的净增吸氮量北方麦区冬前与抽穗后比南方麦区大幅度增加。相反,南方麦区因冬春温度相对较高,越冬期至拔节期的净增吸氮量多于北方麦区。据以上吸氮特性与典型超高产实践提出的合理施氮技术为:适当增加总施氮量,前氮后移,重施拔节孕穗肥。
The traits of N-absorption of winter wheat in superhigh yielding were studied
in both Northern (Wuzhi, Henan, 35.1°N) and Southern (Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 32°N) Winter
Wheat Area, with Xuzhou-25 as the material. The results are as follows: (1) The amount of N-
absorption in super-high yielding wheat population increased by 10% compared with that in the
ordinary high yielding, largely owing to the increase of N-absorption intensity and quantity dur
ing the middle and later growth stages. (2) The total amounts of N-absorption and N-accumula-
tion during every main growth stage in super-high yielding population were higher in Northern
(Wuzhi) than those in Southern (Yangzhou) Winter Wheat Area. The net N-absorption before
overwinter and after heading in Northern Winter Wheat Area were much higher than that in
south region, while N-absorption during overwinter and joint stage in Southern Winter Wheat
Area were higher than that in the north region, due to higher temperature in winter and spring.
According to these traits of N-absorption and experiences of cultivation, appropriate increase of
the N-fertilizer rate with the emphasis on the increase of N-fertilizer application during jointing
and booting stages, is recommended in super-high yielding wheat cultivation.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第6期935-940,共6页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家"九五"重中之重攻关项目"小麦大面积高产综合配套技术研究开发与示范"中的招标课题
即"小麦超高产形态生理指标及配套栽培技术体系研究"的部分内容
关键词
小麦
超高产
吸氮
施氮技术
Super-high yielding wheat
N-absorption
Fertilizing
