摘要
在农村每月进行计划免疫时给新生儿接种乙型肝炎血源疫苗,剂量为10μg×3,程序为0、1、6个月,首剂免疫时间(以此为0月计算)平均在出生后1.5±1.2个月。全程接种率达92.9％。免疫儿童长到12～48月龄时HBsAg阳性率由原来的15.1％降至2.0％,保护率为86.8％。血清抗-HBs阳性率从免疫前地区本底对照的27.7％上升到87.3％,增加2.2倍。在免疫屏障的保护下,同龄未免儿童的HBsAg阳性率和HBV感染率分别下降到4.9％和16.0％,比免疫前地区本底对照低67.5％和70.4％。本研究结果表明,3针10μg乙肝疫苗于新生儿出生后1～3个月内接种仍能有效地降低HBsAg携带率,即使完全忽略了HBsAg阳性母亲的围产期传播。但必须达到很高的全程接种率。
585 children aged 12 to 48 months in five villages received 3 doses of 10μg/ml plasma-derived HB vaccine at the 1.5-+1.2 month after birth for the frist injection and one month and six months later for the other two injeciton. The over all vaccination coverage of all infants was 92.9%(505/ 630) in 5 villages and 80.0% ( 1039/1316 ) in two. 86% of vaccinees were tested for HBV markers by after 1.2 and 3-4 years.The HBsAg in vaccines in the 5 villages dropped from the baseline figure of 15.1% when comparing the same villages and children of the same age groups ( including vaccinated and unvaccinated ) , with a protection rate of 86.8%. The difference is very significant p<0.001. Among the unvaccinated children in 7 village,the HBsAg positive rate was 4.9% which was also much lower than the 15.1 % baseline ( p<o.00l) . The above data indicate that 10μg doses of vaccine given 1-3 months after birth were effective in reducing HBV antigenemia among the children population even if the perinatal transmission of infants born to HBsAg positive mothers was ignored. The most important point is to reach a very high coverage rate.
出处
《病毒学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第A12期77-80,共4页
Chinese Journal of Virology
关键词
乙肝疫苗
免疫效果
新生儿
血源
Plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine Immunization of newborn infants
