摘要
目的 探讨翼腭窝及其通道的高分辨率CT(HRCT)的表现。资料与方法 对 1 0 0例曾行翼腭窝HRCT检查的正常成年人横断面和冠状面的影像资料、30例颌面外伤患者 (翼腭窝正常 )翼腭窝的矢状面重建影像资料进行分析。结果 HRCT显示翼腭窝轮廓锐利 ,横断面形态多变 ,冠状面多呈四方形 ,重建矢状面多近似漏斗形 ;也能清楚显示翼腭窝的通道圆孔、眶下裂、蝶腭孔、翼管、翼上颌裂、翼腭管、腭大孔及腭小孔。圆孔在横断面上呈条状 ,冠状面呈圆形 ,前、后口宽度分别为 3 .3mm(0 .9～ 5 .1mm)、2 .5mm(0 .6～ 4 .2mm) ,有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5) ;翼管在横断面为直或稍弯曲细管 ,冠状面呈圆形 ,前、后口宽度分别为 2 .3mm(0 .8～ 4 .0mm)、1 .0mm(0 .5～ 2 .8mm) ,有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5) ;翼管与蝶窦关系 :位于有完整分隔的蝶窦下占 55 % ,蝶窦内占 31 % ,不对称分隔或无分隔下占8% ,上壁缺如与蝶窦交通占 6 %。蝶腭孔上下径 5 .1mm(3 .1～ 7.6mm)。翼腭管、腭大管及腭小管长度分别为2 .8cm(2 .3～ 3 .2cm)、1 .8cm(1 .4～ 2 .2cm)及 1 .1cm(0 .8～ 1 .5cm)。以上数值男女及其左右两侧均无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5)。结论 翼腭窝HRCT检查应包括横断面和冠状面 ,两者结合能清晰、准确地显示其本身及通道 。
Objective To study HRCT features of the pterygopalatine fossa and its communications. Materials and Methods Both axial and coronal HRCT of the pterygopalatine fossa was performed in 100 normal adults, CT findings were analyzed. Additional sagittal reconstructed images of the pterygopalatine fossa were obtained in 30 patients who had maxilla facial injury while with intact pterygopalatine fossa.Results Pterygopalatine fossa and its communication paths, including foramen rotundum, inferior orbital fissure, sphenopalatine foramen, pterygoid canal, pterygopalatine canal, pterygomaxillary fissure, greater palatine foramen and lesser palatine foramen, were well demonstrated on HRCT. On axial plane the pterygopalatine fossa displayed different shapes, while on coronal plane it usually appeared as a quadrangular space, and on sagittal plane a funnel shaped shadow. On axial plane, foramen rotundum demonstrated as thin tubular shadow, while on coronal plane a ring like shadow. The diameter of its anterior and posterior opening was 3.30mm (0.90～5.10mm) and 2.50mm (0.60～4.20mm), respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The pterygoid canal was a straight or slightly curved bony tubule on axial plane, while round shaped on coronal plane. The average width of its anterior and posterior opening was 2.30mm (0.80～4.00mm) and 1.0mm (0.50～ 2.80mm), respectively (P<0.05). The pterygoid canal beneath totally separated sphenoid sinus was seen in 55% of cases, while within the sphenoid sinus in 31% and beneath partially or not separated sphenoid sinus in 8%. Lack of superior roof of the canal was seen in 6%. The longitudinal diameter of the sphenopalatine foramen was 5.10mm (3.10～7.60mm). The length of pterygopalatine canal, greater palatine canal and lesser palatine canal was 2.80cm (2.10～3.40cm), 1.80cm (1.30～2.40cm) and 1.1.cm (0.70～1.60cm), respectively. The above parameters showed no significant difference between male and female, and between right and left side (P>0.05).Conclusion On axial and coronal planes, the pterygopalatine fossa and its communications can be well identified and early lesions can be easily detected. Sagittal imaging of the pterygopalatine fossa may be considered as a useful complement to display pterygopalatine canal, greater palatine foramen and canal, and lesser palatine foramen and canal.
出处
《临床放射学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第9期679-682,共4页
Journal of Clinical Radiology
