摘要
农民工作为我国城镇化建设中一支庞大的中坚力量,他们对政治系统的认知与评价对于促进政治稳定及社会和谐有着重要意义。本文基于政治态度演化的理论框架,通过利用我国东部十大省市的微观调研数据,实证检验了农民工的劳动权益保障状况对其主观政治态度的影响。研究结果表明,务工期间的权益受损经历会使得农民工对政府权威的信任度出现显著降低,替代性地,对民主决策意愿和司法独立的诉求则会显著加大,而在政府应加强对用工企业管控的看法上,由于对政府信任的缺失,农民工的企业规制倾向则并不会出现明显提升。在使用PSM、IV-Ordered Probit模型缓解可能存在的内生性问题后,上述结论依然稳健。进一步检验还发现,由于需求层次差异性的存在,这种权益受损后的政治态度改变在女性、老一代、低学历和低收入的组别中更加明显。而农民工主动的维权行为则能够产生一定的调节作用,相比于成功与否的最终结果,在维权过程中的满意程度对于缓解上述变化的互替效应更强。因此,现有关于农民工劳动权益问题的探讨不应仅仅局限于用工企业层面,还更应关注到当前政治系统难以有效回应他们实际保障需求的这一症结之所在。
Since migrant workers are the backbone of China＇s urbanization, their perceptions and opinions on China＇s po-litical system are of great significance to China＇s political stability and social harmony. This paper, based on a theoretical frame of political attitude＇s origin, uses the data from microcosmic survey on ten provinces in Eastern China, to empirically examine the impact of the protection status of migrant workers＇ rights on their subjective political attitude. The results demonstrate that the violation of migrant workers＇ rights during their working period leads to an overall decline of their trust in government author-ity. Moreover, their aspirations for democratic decision-making and demand for judicial independence would significantly in-crease. With regard to governmental regulations on corporations, no apparent appeal to increase regulations was observed among migrant workers due to the lack of trust in governments. That conclusion remains robust after PSM and IV-Ordered Probit mod- el which are employed to ameliorate the potential endogeneity problem. It is also found during further examination that the change of political attitude after the violation of rights tends to be more significant among female, elderly, low-income, and less-educated migrant workers due to different levels of demands. Meanwhile, migrant workers＇ active attempts to protect their rights and interests have certain moderating effects. When compared with the final results of these attempts, migrant workers＇ degree of satisfaction actually has a more significant effect on lessening the aforementioned changes of their political attitude. Therefore, the ongoing discussions on migrant workers＇ rights should focus on more than the enterprise level, but attach more importance to the fact that the present political system fails to effectively respond to the migrant workers＇ demands to protect their rights, which is the core of such issue.
作者
王健俊
陈熠辉(校对)
WANG Jianjun(Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing,40005)
出处
《中国经济问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期96-110,共15页
China Economic Studies
基金
本文获得重庆理工大学研究生创新项目(yex2018263)的资助.
关键词
农民工
劳动权益
政治态度
地方政府
Migrant workers
labor rights
political attitude
local government
