摘要
为探究不同根型水稻对缺磷和干旱的响应情况,本研究筛选了不同根型的10个典型水稻品种作为试验对象,在水培条件下对其进行低磷和渗透胁迫处理1个月,研究水稻根系的可塑性。结果表明,不同根型水稻对低磷胁迫的响应差异显著,低磷胁迫会特异性地促进深根品种根系的伸长,平均比浅根品种伸长48.78%,同时显著抑制浅根品种根数目的增加,平均比深根品种根数减少24.90%。渗透胁迫对地上部分的抑制作用大于对地下部分的作用,分别减少地上干重和地下干重37.51%和5.73%。水稻对低磷和渗透2种非生物胁迫的响应方式不同,两者交互作用会加剧抑制植株生长。与2种处理叠加相比,低磷胁迫分别增加地上干重、地下干重和最大根长53.31%、54.05%和36.36%,减少根数9.05%;渗透胁迫分别增加地上干重、地下干重、最大根长和根数136.33%、49.19%、5.37%和32.91%。与对照相比,经3种处理的根冠比均显著上升,分别增加57.30%、142.70%、141.01%,但不同根型品种受相同程度胁迫后均倾向于保持近似的根冠比。本研究首次发现深根型水稻品种在低磷环境下特异性伸长根系这一特性,为水稻的营养高效和节水抗旱的研究和育种提供了理论依据。
Deficiency of phosphorus and drought stress seriously inhibit rice production. To investigate the deficiency effects on root plasticity,ten rice varieties with different rooting distribution were hydroponically cultured for one month under the phosphorus deficiency stress（ LP） or high osmosis stress（ PEG）. In the results,we found that varieties rooting at different depth response differently to phosphorus deficiency： roots length increased 48. 78% more in the deep rooting rice varieties than shallow rooting varieties,but on the other hand,the roots number decreased 24. 90% less than that of shallow rooting varieties. The inhibition effect of high osmosis stress on the development of acrial part was more significant than that of the underground part; the dry weight of the stress groups was decreased by 37. 51% and 5. 73%,respectively. There is synergic effect of PEG and LP： the dry weights of acrial part and roots,the root depth,and roots number of LP treatment group were increased 53. 31%,54. 05%,36. 36%,and-9. 05% of the PEG ＋ LP treatment group,respectively; similarly,the dry weights of acrial part and roots,the root depth,and roots number of PEG treatment group were increased 136. 33%,49. 19%,5. 37% and 32. 91% of PEG ＋ LP treatment group,respectively.Compared to the control,the area occupancy ratio of root to shoot of PEG,LP and PEG ＋ LP treatments were increased by 57. 3%,142. 7%,and 141. 01%,respectively,indicating the stress environments strongly increase the ratio of root to shoot. However,the ratios of root to shoot were almost similar in different varieties with the same treatment. This study firstly characterized that roots length of the deep rooting rice varieties are specially increased by the phosphorus deficiency,and it provides a promising strategy for the super green rice breeding and research.
作者
楼珏
杨文清
杨玲
李铁梅
卢华金
楼巧君
LOU Jue;YANG Wenqing;YANG Ling;LI Tiemei;LU Huajin;LOU Qiaojun(Southern Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding/Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006;Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai 201106;Shanghai Qingpu Senior High School, Shanghai 201700)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期1220-1229,共10页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
上海市科普教育发展基金会
国家自然科学基金(31501293)
浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02050-1)
温州市重点科技创新团队(C20150001)
关键词
水稻
根系可塑性
深根性
低磷胁迫
渗透胁迫
rice, roots plasticity, deep rooting, phosphorus deficiency, osmosis stress
