摘要
目的了解大学生心理健康状况变化,为有针对性地开展心理健康教育提供参考。方法使用大学生人格问卷(University personality Inventory,UPI)对陕西某大学2002—2016年新生心理健康的普查结果进行回溯性分析。结果15年间共有57 450名新生参加了普查,可能存在严重心理问题学生(Ⅰ类学生)平均筛出率为12.29%,年度间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=588.017,P<0.01);2010—2016年经面谈后确定有严重心理问题学生占I类学生的比例平均为2.97%,且年度间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=25.709,P<0.01)。在I类学生答题方面,2012—2016年有7个题目每年均进入答题选择率前10位;"常常失眠""感到自己的过去和家庭是不幸的"2个关键题目的选择率在5年间差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为14.389,16.690,P值均<0.01);"曾经接受过心理咨询吗""如果有健康或心理方面的问题想要咨询吗"2个附加题目的选择率5年间差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为13.175,28.480,P值均<0.05)。结论多数大学新生的心理是基本健康的,但可能有心理健康问题的学生人数比例呈波浪式逐年上升趋势。大学新生的心理问题类型多年来相对稳定,可以据此开展针对性教育。
Objective to examine changes in mental health among college freshmen in Shaanxi province during the past 15 years. Methods A retrospective analysis was used to examine changes in mental health among college freshmen in Shaanxi during2002-2016. Results During the past 15 years, a total of 57 450 freshman participated in the survey, and the average screening rate was 12.29%, significant differences were found by years. From 2010 to 2016, students diagnosed with class I with severe mental health problems accounted for 2.97%; the top 7 questions were highest among class I students. In the key questions, the report rate of ＂often insomnia＂ and ＂feel unhappy about past and family＂ had statistical significant differences（ χ~2= 14.389, 16.690, P〈0.01）. In the additional questions, the report rate of ＂ ever received psychological councilling＂ ＂ have some troubles in health or mental health need to consult＂ had statistical significant differences（ χ~2= 13. 175, 28. 480, P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion Mental health status among college freshmen in Shanxi province is moderate. Increasing trend in mental health problems worth further attention.More work needs to be implemented.
作者
吴越
马福
刘娟娟
WU Yue, MA Fu, LIU Juanjuan.(Center for College Students＇ Mental Health Education Center, Xi＇an University of Technology, Xi＇an （710048）, China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第3期379-382,386,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
精神卫生
健康状况
学生
Mental health
Health status
Students
