摘要
1943年美国废除排华法以前,美国华人一直处于不平等的社会地位。受制于种族歧视、生活环境以及教育因素的影响,土生华人在文化认同问题上表现为明显的"双重文化认同"倾向,这种迹象始发于20世纪30年代。究其原因,中美两种文化形态是形成这种双重文化认同的根源,中美两种教育形式是产生这种双重文化认同的直接动因,主流社会的种族歧视导致土生华人单向维度的文化认同转向双向维度,而"选择性同化"则是土生华人构建"美国华人"新认同所选择的路径。
Chinese Americans remained in unequal social status before America abolished the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1943. Influenced by racial discrimination, living environment and educational factors, The American born Chinese demonstrated an apparent ＂ dual cultural identity,＂ which originated from the 1920s and 1930s. During this period, the American born Chinese were influenced by a multitude of overlapping factors, such as the ＂ Postfigurative Culture＂ transmitted by elderly immigrants, the transmission of a ＂Configurative Culture＂ by contemporary Chinese American society, and a ＂Prefigurative Culture＂ coming from mainstream American society. They also showed a dynamic evolution in their cultural identity along with their own personal growth. At a deeper level, the enormous differences between the Chinese and American cultures may be the root cause, while the distinct difference in educational styles between the ethnic Chinese and mainstream Americans may serve as a direct motivation. Ultimately, raeial discrimination from the mainstream society could be the factor that lead the American born Chinese to transform their cultural identity from one-dimensional to two- dimensional. Thus, ＂selective assimilation＂ became the path for them to build a new identity of ＂Chinese Americans＂.
出处
《世界民族》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期63-71,共9页
Journal of World Peoples Studies
基金
国家社科基金"十二五"规划2013年度教育学青年课题:"二战前美国华人学校教育的双重文化认同研究"的研究成果(项目编号:COA130205)
