摘要
蓄冷保温箱在冷链物流冷藏运输和最后一公里家庭配送中发挥着极为重要的作用,针对目前常用的聚氨酯(PU)蓄冷保温箱和聚苯乙烯(EPS)蓄冷保温箱保温性能不足的问题,提出真空绝热板和聚氨酯复合结构(VIP+PU)蓄冷保温箱。建立了蓄冷保温箱数学传热模型和蓄冷剂量和保温时间的计算方法,在相同质量复合蓄冷剂的前提下,对VIP+PU、PU、EPS 3种不同隔热材料蓄冷保温箱理论保温时间进行了理论分析,保温时间比5.4:2.2:1与实际保温时间比为5.7:2.5:1吻合较好,说明建立蓄冷保温箱数学传热模型可靠。以桃子为例,在2 d冷藏运输期内的失重率、硬度、Vc含量、可溶性固形物含量和感官评价的变化进行了测试,结果表明,在VIP+PU蓄冷保温箱内失重率、硬度下降率、Vc含量减少率、可溶性固形物增加量和感官分数减少量分别为0.8%、1.2%、2.6%、0.2%、0.4%,在PU蓄冷保温箱内分别为1.5%、4.3%、6.0%、0.4%、0.8%,在EPS蓄冷保温箱内分别为4.8%、8.9%、13.1%、1.0%、1.5%。EPS蓄冷保温箱内桃子保鲜效果最差,只适合短途运输,PU蓄冷保温箱其次,适合中短途运输,VIP+PU蓄冷保温箱最好,适合长途运输。
Cold storage containers play a very important role in the food cold chain transportation. A cold storage container with polyurethane and vacuum insulation panel（VIP＋PU） was proposed to enhance the heat-insulating performance of cold storage containers with the insulation materials such as expanded polystyrene（EPS） and polyurethane（PU）. It was established the heat transfer model of cold storage transportation containers and the method to estimate the relationship between the amount of cold storage materials and the storage time. The storage time of containers with VIP＋PU, PU and EPS and the same amount of cold storage materials was investigated theoretically and experimentally, the results showed that the theoretical time ratio 5.4：2.2：1 had a good agreement with experimental result 5.7：2.5：1, which verified the reliability of the model. Taking peaches as an example, changes in weight loss, firmness, Vc content, soluble solid content and sensory evaluation were measured during storage and transportation. The results showed that, after 2 days cold storage transportation, the weight loss, firmness, Vc, soluble solid content and sensory evaluation of peaches in the VIP＋PU container were changed by —0.8%, —1.2%, —2.6%, ＋0.2%, — 0.4%, respectively; those in the PU container were changed by —1.5%, — 4.3%, —6.0%, ＋0.4%, —0.8%, respectively; those in the EPS container were changed by — 4.8%, —8.9%, —13.1%, ＋1%, —1.5%, respectively. Among three kinds of cold storage transportation containers, the EPS container was the most ineffective in preserving peach, which is only suitable for the short distance transportation; the PU container was better, which is suitable for the short and middle distance transportation; and the VIP＋PU container was the most effective in preserving peach, which is suitable for the long distance transportation.
出处
《食品科技》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第2期58-63,共6页
Food Science and Technology
基金
国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD19B02)
关键词
蓄冷保温箱
VIP+PU
隔热材料
桃子
营养品质
cold storage containers
VIP＋PU
insulation materials
peach
nutritional quality
