摘要
目的了解尿路感染病原菌分布情况及对常用抗菌药物的耐药性，为临床医师合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法对2016年1—12月辽河油田总医院门诊和住院的407例尿路感染患者尿液标本检出的病原菌及药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果共分离／~407株病原菌，以革兰阴性杆菌为主（占60．2％），其中大肠埃希菌居所有革兰阴性杆菌的首位（占26．5％）；革兰阴性杆菌对常用抗菌药物耐药率普遍较高，但对亚胺培南、美罗培南仍保持敏感，耐药率均〈30％。革兰阳性球菌对青霉素呈高度耐药性，对呋喃妥因的耐药率〈2．0％；对利奈唑胺和替考拉宁均敏感，未发现耐万古霉素葡萄球菌和肠球菌。结论尿路感染病原菌呈现多样性且耐药性较高，加强对尿路感染病原菌的耐药监测，对指导临床合理使用抗菌药物具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogens in urinary tract infection and their resistance to common antibiotics, so as to provide scientific basis on rational use of antibiotics for clinicians. Methods The distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens isolated from urine samples, which were collected from 407 outpatients and inpatients with urinary tract infection from January 2016 to December 2016 in Liaohe Oilfield General Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 407 strains of pathogens were isolated. Gram-negative bacillus accounted for 60.2%, while E.coli were the main gram-negative bacillus which accounts for 26.5%. The drug resistance rate of gram-negative bacillus was normally high to common antibiotics, but they kept sensitive to imipenem and meropenem with drug resistance rate 〈30%. The gram-positive coccus were highly sensitive to penicillin, but resistant to nitrofurantion （drug resistance rate 〈2.0%）. We found that the gram-positive coccus were sensitive to both linezolid and teicoplanin, and found no vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus. Conclusion The pathogens of urinary tract infection are diverse and the drug resistance rate is normally high. It is of great importance to guide the rational use of antibiotics in order to strengthen the monitoring of resistance to pathogens in urinary tract infections.
出处
《中国实用乡村医生杂志》
2018年第1期54-56,共3页
Chinese Practical Journal of Rural Doctor
关键词
尿路感染
病原菌
耐药性
Urinary Tract Infection
Pathogens
Drug Resistance
