摘要
本文从资源理论和文化规范理论的视角剖析了子女性别对贫困地区农村妇女家庭决策权的影响机制,并使用贫困地区农村的调查数据予以验证。研究发现,生育男孩对贫困地区农村妇女家庭决策权的提升有正向影响,第一胎生育男孩或最终育有男孩均会提升妇女在家庭主要事务中的决策权。并且,在购买日常消费品、购买耐用消费品和建房、家庭借贷、子女教育这4项家庭事务上,子女性别的影响程度是不同的。究其影响机制,本文经验证得出的可能解释是,"重男轻女"的文化观念导致了"得子而止"的生育模式,这种生育模式会改变夫妻的相对资源,进而影响妇女的家庭决策权。在社会转型过程中,通过文化宣传和完善社会保障制度引导生育观念转变,并通过提高女性受教育机会和就业机会来改善女性的相对资源,是改变"得子而止"生育模式、提高妇女家庭决策权的可能途径。
This article examines the effects of child gender on women＇s decision-making power in family affairs in poverty-stricken rural areas from the perspectives of resources theory and cultural norms theory, and applies survey data from poverty-stricken areas to verify the analysis. The main findings show that women with son（s） have more decision-making power in family affairs. If a woman gives birth to a male baby, her decision-making power can be strengthened. The results indicate different effects of child gender on four types of family decision-making indicators, including purchase of daily necessities, purchase of durable goods and building houses, family loans and children＇s education. The study explains the influencing mechanism, showing that the cultural discourses of ＂son preference＂ lead to a fertility model that induces parents to keep having children until they have a son. The birth of a son indicates a change in the relative resources ownership between a husband and a wife, which affects the wife＇s family decision-making power. The results imply that a change in cultural norms and improvement of social security system as well as an increase in women＇s employment opportunities and their access to education, would replace the old fertility model and improve women＇s family decision-making power in the process of social transformation.
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期108-123,共16页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"实施精准扶贫
精准脱贫的机制与政策研究"(编号:15ZDC026)的资助
关键词
子女性别
妇女家庭决策权
农村
资源理论
文化规范理论
Child Gender
Women＇s Family Decision-making Power
Rural Area
Resources Theory
Cultural Norms Theory
