摘要
采用盆栽试验,研究了施用有机肥、菌肥、海藻肥及生物炭对土壤性质、土壤有效态镉含量、土壤酶活性、油菜Cd含量的影响.研究表明,使用4种修复材料均可降低土壤p H,增加土壤中有机质、速效N、速效P、速效K的含量;4种不同的修复材料均可降低土壤有效态镉含量及油菜中镉含量,其中有机肥的作用最为显著,可使土壤及油菜的镉含量分别降低25.5%—42.5%和16.4%—27.5%.添加有机肥、生物炭、菌肥可使土壤过氧化氢酶活性显著增加,而海藻肥的加入则降低了土壤过氧化氢酶活性.有机肥加入对过氧化氢酶的增加效果最为显著,增幅达34.2%—73.3%.有机肥可以使土壤磷酸酶活性降低22.2%—40.0%,而生物炭和菌肥对磷酸酶的活性无显著性影响.海藻肥低浓度时,土壤磷酸酶活性下降,高浓度时其活性增加.有机肥、菌肥、海藻肥的施入均可显著增加蔗糖酶的活性,而生物炭的施入会降低蔗糖酶活性.通过对土壤有效Cd、3种酶活性与土壤理化性质的相关性分析发现,土壤过氧化氢酶和磷酸酶活性与土壤速效N的含量在0.01水平上显著相关.
Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of organic fertilizers, bacterial fertilizers, algae fertilizers, and biochars on the physicochemical properties of soil, Cd aviailability, enzyme activities and Cd content in rape. The results showed that all the four soil amendments decreased soil pH, but increased the contents of soil organic matter, available N, available P and available K. Also, they reduced the available Cd content in soil and rape. With addition of the organic fertilizer, the available Cd content in soil and rape decreased by 25. 5％—42. 5％ and 16.4％—27. 5％, respectively. The catalase activity in soil increased significantly by the organic fertilizer, biochar, and bacterial fertilizer, while decreased by the algae fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is the most significant factor in increasing catalase activity, with an increase of 34.2％—73.3％. Conversely, the organic fertilizer decreased phosphatase activity by 22.2％—40.0％. However, the addition of biochar and bacterial fertilizer had insignificant effect on phosphatase activity. Low-dose （80 g·kg-1 ） algae fertilizer decreased the phosphatase activity, but increased its activity at a high-dose （ 240 g·kg-1 ）. The application of organic fertilizer, bacteria fertilizer, and algae fertilizer increased the activity of sucrase, whereas biochar reduced the activity of sucrase. The correlation analyses between the soil physicochemical properties and the available Cd content of soil or enzyme activities showed that the catalase activity and phosphatase activity were significantly correlated with available N content in soil（P〈0.01）.
作者
王秀梅
安毅
秦莉
韩建华
林大松
霍莉莉
WANG Xiumei;AN Yi;QIN Li;HAN Jianhua;LIN Dasong;HUO Lili(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China;Tianjin Agri-Environmental Monitoring Station, Tianjin, 300036, China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期67-74,共8页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项"农产品产地重金属污染安全评估技术与设备研制"(201403014)
中国农业科学院创新工程项目(2016-cxgc-lyj)资助~~
关键词
土壤
油菜
镉
酶活性
肥料
soil
Brassica chinensis
cadmium
enzyme activity
fertilizer
