摘要
目的:探究我国退役运动员的身心健康状况及其影响因素。方法:以国内退役运动员作为被试,利用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和反映被试基本情况的自编问卷进行测评。结果:221人有效样本中有65人(29.4%)存在不同程度的身心健康障碍,躯体化、人际关系敏感和焦虑是主要问题;与全国常人常模相比,退役运动员的身体健康水平相对较低;健将级运动员的身心健康水平和一级运动员相比较高,男性退役运动员的身心健康水平与女性退役运动员相比较低;退役运动员的身心健康水平与受教育水平、运动损伤程度、就业安置满意度和生活满意度呈显著的相关性。结论:退役运动员的身心健康状况不容忽视,存在身心症状人数较多;退役运动员的身心健康水平存在运动等级差异和性别差异;影响退役运动员身心健康的主要因素为受教育水平、运动损伤程度、就业安置满意度和生活满意度。
Objective： To explore the physical and mental health of retired athletes and its influencing factors. Methods ： Retired athletes were tested by use of Symptom Checklist （ SCL - 90 ） and a self - composed questionnaire of general basic situation. Results： of 221 valid samples, 65 （29.4%） had varying degrees of physical and mental health disorders, of which the main ones included somatization, interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety. Compared with the national norm of ordinary people, the physical and mental health conditions of retired athletes are relatively low. Compared with ordinary athletes, the physical and mental health conditions of top - notch athletes is higher, but physical and mental health of male retired athletes is lower , which is compared with female retired athletes. Physical and mental health of retired athletes has significant correlation with level of education, lev- el of sports injuries, job placement satisfaction and life satisfaction. Conclusion ： we can ＇ t ignore the physical and mental health of retired athletes, because there is a higher number of them lived with physical and psychological symptoms. There were some difference in physical and mental health of retired athletes of different degree and gen- der. The main factors affecting the physical and mental health of retired athletes included level of education, level of sports injuries, job placement satisfaction and life satisfaction.
作者
葛胜楠
GE Sheng - nan(Physical Education Department, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China)
出处
《福建体育科技》
2017年第6期36-37,40,共3页
Fujian Sports Science and Technology
关键词
退役运动员
身心健康
影响因素
retired athletes
physical and mental health
influencing factors
