摘要
为避免流冰输移在桥墩、闸墩等束窄断面停滞、卡堵、堆积,通过相关物理模型试验,研究了不同水力条件、不同冰块尺寸和冰量下的墩柱断面过冰能力。研究结果表明:冰块过流能力与弗汝德数Fr成正比,弗汝德数Fr小于临界值,冰块易在墩柱断面前卡堵,弗汝德数Fr超过临界值,过冰能力显著提升;对于中、大尺寸冰块(L/D=0.8、1.0),第一翻转临界冰厚弗汝德数Ft分别为0.879、1.090,第二翻转临界冰厚弗汝德数Ft分别为1.267、1.355;墩柱断面过冰能力与来冰量成反比,来冰量越大,墩柱断面越容易出现卡堵。通过量纲分析建立回归方程,得到渠道墩柱断面过冰能力经验公式▽=1.028(e^(2.28Ft))(L/D)^(-3.567)×100%(0≤▽≤100%),复相关系数为0.973。研究成果对研究冰水二相流安全输水、防治冰塞灾害具有参考价值。
In order to avoid drift-ice to stagnate, jam and pile up at the sections contracted by bridge pier, gate pier, etc. in channel, the ice-passing capacities of pier-column section under different hydraulic conditions, ice-block sizes and ice amounts are studied herein through the relevant physical model experiment. The study result shows that the ice-passing capacity is in di- rect proportion to the Froude number, i.e. ice-block is prone to jam in front of the pier-column section, if the Froude number is less than the critical value; when the Froude number is over the critical value, the ice-passing capacity is significantly increased. For the medium-large sized ice-block （L/D = 0. 8, 1. 0）, the first flipped critical Froude number Ft is 0. 879 and 1. 090 respec- tively, while the second flipped critical Froude number Ft is 1. 267 and 1. 355 respectively as well. The ice-passing capacity of the pier-column section is in inverse proportion to the ice amount, i.e. the larger the ice amount is, the ice-jam is more prone to occur at the pier-column section. Through the relevant dimensional analysis, a regression equation is established, from which the empirical formula for the ice-passing capacity at the pier-column section is △↓7 = 1. 028 （ e^2.28Ft, ） （ L/D ）^ -3. 567 × 100% （ 0 ≤△↓≤7 100% ） with the complex correlation coefficient is 0. 973. The study result has a certain reference value for the study on the safe water conveyance of ice-water two-phase flow and the prevention of ice-jam disaster.
作者
吴艳
朱明远
穆祥鹏
岳春芳
周富强
WU Yan ZHU Mingyuan MU Xiangpeng YUE Chunfang ZHOU Fuqiang(Xinjiang Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Urumqi 830049, Xinjiang, China China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China)
出处
《水利水电技术》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第9期126-131,共6页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(5154190
51579251)
关键词
冰塞
物理模型试验
墩柱断面
过冰能力
冰水二相流
ice-jam
physical model experiment
pier-column section
ice-passing capacity
ice-water flow two-phase
