摘要
西方马克思主义的美学并不是一种"纯"美学,毋宁是一种"政治美学",或者说是一种解放政治的审美话语,其根本目标是实现阿尔都塞所说的由意识形态国家机器塑造的阶级人向自由主体的转变。20世纪60、70年代以来,当代西方马克思主义者在继承卢卡奇、阿多诺等人奠基的政治美学传统的同时,直面全球化语境下西方社会政治、经济的变迁和文化的转向,探索审美解放话语的重建:通过批判晚期资本主义的文化逻辑重构对现实和历史的认知,唤醒一度沉寂的乌托邦冲动,奠定政治美学的历史基础;通过论证审美意识形态对身体的塑造和非物质性劳动对劳动者的影响,将身体空间和劳动过程作为政治美学的两大斗争领域;通过对政治和美学内在关联与差异的思考,肯定审美过程之中蕴含的实践力量,对政治美学可能采取的斗争方式进行了探讨。当代西方马克思主义政治美学在这三重论域的展开最终是为了超越全球资本主义、实现人的自由而全面发展,对于当今的社会发展和文化艺术发展有重要启示。
The aesthetics of the Western Marxism is not a ＂pure＂ aesthetics, but a ＂political aesthetics＂, or an aesthetic discourse of emancipatory politics, whose objective, to use Ahhusser＇s words, is to achieve the transformation from a man of class shaped by ideological state apparatuses to a free subject. Since the 1960s- 1970s, contemporary Western Marxists have learned from the Western Marxist tradition of political aesthetics, confronted the political, economic and cultural changes of the Western society in the context of globalization, and explored the way to reconstruct the emancipatory aesthetic discourse. They have reconstructed the perception of reality and history by criticizing the cultural logic of late Capitalism, aroused the long-term forgotten utopian impulse, and laid the historical foundation for political aesthetics. They have also prioritized the body and work as two struggle fields of political aesthetics through demonstrating the influences of the aesthetic ideology on body and the immaterial labor on workers. By considering the inter-connections and differences between politics and aesthetics, they have explored the possible ways of struggling for political aesthetics. The political aesthetics of contemporary Western Marxism are expanded within these three domains of discourse, which ultimately aims to transcend the global Capitalism and to achieve the freedom and full development of human beings, thus conveying important implications to the development of society, culture and art.
作者
文苑仲
Wen Yuanzhong(the School of Media and Art at Nanjing University of Information Science and Technolog)
出处
《文艺理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第5期162-171,共10页
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
基金
江苏高校哲学社会科学基金项目"当代西方左翼美学思潮研究"[项目编号:2017SJB0163]
南京信息工程大学人才启动项目"当代国外马克思主义美学与艺术批评研究"[项目编号:2016r030]阶段性成果之一~~
关键词
政治美学
全球资本主义
开放政治
西方马克思主义
political aesthetics
global Capitalism
emancipatory politics
Western Marxism
