摘要
为了研究夏季与秋季泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)在海马齿(Sesuvium portulacastrum)生态浮床中生理生态活动,利用生物沉积物捕集器与密闭式代谢瓶,对海马齿生态浮床中不同规格泥蚶的生物沉积速率、耗氧率、排氨率和排磷率进行现场实验。结果表明,不同规格泥蚶生物沉积速率、耗氧率、排氨率和排磷率在夏、秋季有明显变化,相同规格泥蚶夏季均大于秋季,相同季节表现为:大个体组>中个体组>小个体组。夏季和秋季,泥蚶生物沉积速率变化范围分别为0.31~1.09 g/(ind·d)、0.09~0.65 g/(ind·d),耗氧率变化范围分别10.29~19.10 mg/(ind·d)、6.51~13.56 mg/(ind·d),排氨率变化范围分别为0.76~2.63 mg/(ind·d)、0.06~0.28 mg/(ind·d),排磷率变化范围分0.05~0.18 mg/(ind·d)、0.01~0.03 mg/(ind·d)。方差分析显示,季节、龄期及两者交互作用对泥蚶生物沉积速率、耗氧率、排氨率及排磷率均有显著影响。
To better understand the physioecology of blood clams （ Tegillarca granosa）, the rates of biodeposition, oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and phosphate excretion were measured in-situ under a floating bed of shoreline purslane （ Sesuvium portulacastrum） during the summer （June, July） and autumn （ October, November） of 2015. Our results provide methods and a theoretical basis for ecological remediation of small water bodies using a floating bed of Sesuvium portulacastrum with a blood clam culture of appropriate size. The field investigation was carried out in an area of 66.66 hm2（ 1.2 m water depth） with 10% of the total area covered by floating Sesuvium portulacastrum. Three groups of blood clams varying in size （ large： 34.64 - 37.64 ram; medium： 31.76 - 32.90 ram; small： 26.30 -29.26 ram） and a control group （no blood clams） were set, in triplicate, at different locations, biodeposition and the respiration and excretion rates were determined for each group. Five to eight blood clams of a given size were placed in sediment traps and placed under a floating bed of Sesuvium portulacastrum. Af- ter 3 -5 days, the blood clams were taken out and the amount of biodeposition, total carbon （TC）, total nitrogen （TN）, organic carbon （OC） and organic nitrogen （ON） were measured in each sediment trap. To determine the respiration and excretion rates of the blood clam, two to four blood clams of different size were each placed in a sealed glass bottle filled with the pond water. The bottles were sealed and placed in the bottom of the pond after the blood clams began to breathe and dissolved oxygen, NH4＋ -N and PO^--P were determined after 24 hours. The ran- ges of biodeposition, oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and phosphate excretion rates in summer were, re- spectively, 0.31- 1.09 g/（ind ~ d）, 10.29- 19. 10 mg/（ind ~ d）, 0.76-2.63 mg/（ind ~ d）, 0.05- 0.18 mg/（ind ~ d） and, in autumn, the corresponding values were 0.09 -0.65 g/（ind ~ d）, 6.51 - 13.56 mg/ （ ind ~ d）, 0.06 - 0.28 mg/（ ind ~ d） and 0.01 - 0.03 rag/（ ind ~ d）. One-way analysis of variance （ANOVA） was used to test for significant differences. The rates of biodeposition, oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and phosphate excretion of all three blood clam groups were significantly higher in the summer than in autumn and the rates for the blood clam groups all followed the same order in summer and autumn ： large 〉 medium 〉 small. Season- ality, the size of blood clam and their interactions significantly influenced the rates of biodeposition, respiration and excretion of blood clams.
出处
《水生态学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期89-96,共8页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305021)
广东省省级科技计划项目(2015B020235006)
2011/2012年中央分成海域使用金支出项目(环保类)
关键词
泥蚶
生物沉积
呼吸
排泄
海马齿生态浮床
Tegillarca granosa
biodeposition
respiration
excretion
Sesuvium portulacastrum ecological floating
