摘要
目的对汶川地震后四个不同烈度区域的伤员伤病谱进行回顾性对比分析，探索震后不同烈度下的伤情类型及分布特点，为医疗救援力量配置方案提供一定的参考。方法收集汶川地震分布于四个不同烈度区域的8个市（县）地震伤员资料，以震后两周为时间周期，按外伤/伤口类、急性消化道感染类、皮肤病类、急性上呼吸道感染类、其他类进行伤情分类，并对受伤机制、受伤部位等进行对比分析。结果震后不同烈度地区前3d外伤／伤口类比例皆超过90％。随震区烈度升高胸部、腹部外伤比例明显增高，而下肢受伤明显降低，各烈度区之间相比较有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。震后一周各烈度区域呼吸道感染患者比例开始迅速上升，两周左右趋于稳定，比例高达50．1％。72．2％。10、11烈度地区皮肤病类的比例较8、9烈度区高出一倍左右。四个烈度区域急性胃肠炎类与其他类患者在两周之内总体相差不大。结论研究强震后不同烈度区域疾病谱特点及其变化规律，对明确灾后救援的重点，指导救援人员及医疗资源的合理配置与使用，降低死亡率和致残率有重要意义。
Objective To carry out retrospective comparative analysis of the injury spectrum and characteritics of casualties in four zones with different intensity after WENCHUANG earthquake so as to provide some reference for the scheme of medical aid allocation. Methods Information of casualties from 8 municipalities （counties） of WENCHUAN with different earthqfiake intensity was collected. Two weeks after the earthquake was taken as the time period, and the injury severity will be classified as external injury, wound, acute alimentary canal infection, skin diseases, acute upper respiratory tract infection and other classes, to conduct comparative analysis of mechanism of injury. Results The ratio of external injury and wound in the four zones with different intensity in the previous 3 days after the earthquake is more than 90%. The ratio of chest and abdominal injury significantly increased while the lower extremity injuries significantly decreased with the increase of earthquake intensity. Cdmparison of intensity in various zones shows statistical significance （P〈0.01）. One week after the earthquake, the ratio of respiratory infection began to increase sharply, and it stabilized two weeks or so later, and the ratio is as high as 50.1% to 72.2%. The ratio of skin diseases in zones with intensity Ⅹand Ⅺ is about one time higher than that of zones with intensity Ⅷ and Ⅸ. There＇ s not much difference between acute gastroenteritis and patients of other classes in zones with differentintensity in two weeks. Conclusion Injury spectrum characteristics and change law of zones with different intensity after the earthquake is of great significance to make clear the focus of relief after disaster, guide rescuers arrange rational allocation and use of rational medial resources, which help to reduce the mortality and morbidity.
作者
陈博
高宏伟
袁瑶
王鑫
侯世科
CHEN Bo GAO Hong-wei YUAN Yao WANG Xin HOU Shi-ke(henan453003 ,China.XinXiang Medical University)
出处
《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》
2017年第2期112-115,共4页
China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目（71473264,71533008）
国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0802806）
关键词
地震
烈度
伤病谱
医学救援
earthquake
intensity
injury spectrum
medical assistance
