摘要
1986—1987年在武昌,分别选择土壤肥力有差异的田块,设置不施氮,亩施3.5、7、10.5和14kg氮等5个处理,比较了杂交中稻汕优63和汕优6号的氮素营养特性。试验结果表明,沿优63的增产潜力显著大于汕优6号,但需氮量却比汕优6号要低。在土壤肥力较高的条件下,获得最高产量的氮素用量,汕优63为3.66kg/亩,汕优6号为9.20kg/亩;在土壤肥力较低的情况下,获得最高产量的氮素用量,汕优63为11.03kg/亩,汕优6号为14kg/亩。汕优63之所以适于中低氮水平栽培,与下列特性有关:(1)在中低氮水平下根系活力较强,吸氮优势明显,而随(?)氮量增加,根系活力下降,从而吸氮优势消失;(2)单位吸氮量的物质生产效率较高,过多施(?),易造成群体发展过大,贪青迟熟等不良后果;(3)氮素对光合器官的促进效应大于对产品器官的促进效应,因此在高氮水平下易引起冠层叶片过度伸长而披垂,恶化群体受光条件,从而降低群体光合效率和经济产量。
The nutritional characters of nitrogen on hybrid rice SHAN-YOU 63 were studied under two soils of different fertility and five nitrogen supply levels. We further demonstrated that a high grain yield can be obtained with SHAN-YOU 63 cultivated under low or middle nitrogen supply levels. A yield of 550 kg/mu is achieved with 4-9 kg/mu of nitrogen application under either low or high levels of soil fertility. SHAN-YOU 63 is proper to be cultivated under lower nitrogen supply level, as determined by its chara cters of nitrogen nutrition. The properties of nitrogen uptake and utilization of SHANYOU 63 are. (1) strong superiority of nitrogen uptake in low and middle nitrogen supply levels, (2) higher dry matter and grain productive effiency per nitrogen unit, ( 3 ) greater stimulation to photosyntic organs by nitrogen than to productive organs.The relationship between yield and fertilizer response of rice and the utilization value of the fertilizer intolerant varieties were discussed.
出处
《华中农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第1期1-9,共9页
Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University
关键词
杂交水稻
氮素营养
耐肥性
hybrid rice
nitrogen nutrition
fertilizer response
