摘要
2015年1月至12月在沅江水系支流锦江采集翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)样本374尾,对其年龄、生长和资源利用情况进行了研究。其中,年龄结构通过对比鳞片、鳃盖骨、脊椎骨和微耳石,选择微耳石作为年龄判定材料,得到样本的年龄结构包括1~6龄,2龄为优势年龄组,占样本总数的51.9%。体长与体重的幂函数关系式为W=0.000 016L^(2.916 1)(R2=0.901 8,n=356)。采用Von Bertalanffy生长方程拟合了体长、体重与年龄的关系,其表达式分别为:Lt=771.501 3[1-e-0.167 1(t+0.279 5)],Wt=4 206.127 4[1-e^(-0.167 1)(t+0.279 5)]2.916 1。生长拐点年龄ti=6.13龄,对应的体长507.1 mm,体重1 237.4 g。采样Pauly公式探讨了锦江翘嘴鲌的资源利用情况,其资源开发率为0.719 5/年,总死亡率1.170 8/年,自然死亡率0.328 4/年。当起捕体长为391.0 mm时,相对单位补充渔获量和生物量达到最大,分别为0.033 88和0.040 22,对应的年龄3.95龄,体重579.7 g。当前锦江翘嘴鲌处于过度开发状况,种群明显趋于低龄化、小型化状况,为切实有效保护锦江翘嘴鲌的野生资源,现阶段应从恢复种群的角度出发,建议最小起捕体长507.1 mm,体重1 237.4 g。
Culter alburnus is a commercial fish which distributed in most of the rivers,lakes and reservoirs in China. A total of 374 samples were collected in Jinjiang River of Guizhou from January to December in 2015. The age structure was determined by lapillus which compared with scales,vertebra and opercula. The age of the population ranged from 1 to 6years,dominated by the 2 year- old individuals with the proportion of 51. 9%. The relationship between body length（ L）and body weight（ W） was well fitted with a power function,W = 0. 000 016L^2. 916 1（ R^2= 0. 901 8,n = 356）. The Von Bertalanffy growth pattern was used to discuss the growth characteristics,and the equation was Lt= 771. 501 3 [1-e^- 0. 167 1（ t ＋ 0. 279 5）]and Wt= 4 206. 127 4 [1- e^- 0. 167 1（ t ＋ 0. 279 5）]^2. 916 1,based on the lapillus radius. The inflection point of the growth curve was 6. 13- year- old,with body length of 507. 1mm and body weight of 1 237. 4g. The natural resources of the population was discussed by classical Pauly formulae,and the exploitation,total mortality and natural mortality values of each year were 0. 719 5,1. 170 8 and 0. 328 4. When the length of first capture was 391. 0 mm,the value of relative tield- per- recruit and relative biomass- per- recruit reached the peak,which were 0. 033 88 and 0. 040 22,and the corresponding values of age and body length were 3. 95- year- old and 579. 7 g. Our research indicates that the population of Culter alburnus was overfished and trends to younger and smaller. Nowadays the population must be recovered as priorities,and the body length and weight of first capture should be suggested to be 507. 1 mm and 1 237. 4 g.
作者
李忠利
梁正其
杨军
姚丽娟
柳太兰
LI Zhong-li LIANG Zheng-qi YANG Jun YAO Li-juan LIU Tai-lan(College of Agroforestry Engineering and Planning, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China Center of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Technology in Bijiang District, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期42-48,共7页
Freshwater Fisheries
基金
贵州省科技厅联合基金项目(黔科合LH字[2014]7482)
贵州省普通高等学校工程中心建设项目(黔教合KY[2012]028号)
