摘要
[目的]掌握6种磺酰脲类除草剂在土壤中的消解趋势及暴露致癌风险性,指导农药安全使用。[方法]通过UPLC-MS/MS测定其在施药后不同时间的残留量,计算其消解率,利用风险评估模型,分析对人体直接暴露致癌风险性随残留量的变化趋势。[结果]6种磺酰脲类除草剂在土壤中的消解趋势差异较大,理论半衰期最长的为28.9 d,最短的为18.7 d。施药后,土壤中残留的6种除草剂的最大致癌风险值为2.5×10^(-8),小于参考临界值×10^(-6)。经口摄入和皮肤接触2种暴露途径占主导,对直接暴露致癌风险的贡献率为99.78%。在P小于0.01水平下,除草剂原始沉积量、致癌风险值与施药量之间存在显著性相关,相关系数0.9831。[结论]在试验条件下,通过直接暴露途径对人体不会产生不可接受的致癌风险;选择低残留易消解除草剂,同时控制施药剂量是降低直接暴露致癌风险的有效途径。
[Aims]In order to study the degradation tendencies and carcinogenic risks of 6 sulfonylurea herbicides in soil,and guide the safe use.[Methods]The herbicide residues were determined by UPLC-MS/MS and the degradation rates were calculated.In addition,the changing tendencies of directly exposed carcinogenic risk along with the herbicide residues were analysed through the risk evaluation model.[Results]Significant differences were found among the degradation tendencies of the six sulfonylurea herbicides in soil,the longest theoretical half-life was 28.9 d and the shortest half-life was 18.7 d.After application,the maximum carcinogenic risk value of the six herbicide residues in soil was 2.5×10-8,which was lower than the reference value(×10-6).Oral ingestion and dermal contact were the major exposure routes,with the total contribution rate of 99.78%to the carcinogenic risk by direct exposure.When P-value was less than 0.01,both original residue level and carcinogenic risk were significantly correlated with the dosage of herbicide,and the correlation coefficient was 0.9831.[Conclusions]Under the condition of test,it doesn't have any unacceptable carcinogenic risk to the human body.Moreover,selection of readily degradable herbicide with low residue level,and control of application rate are the effective approaches of reducing the carcinogenic risk of direct exposure.
作者
孙惠青
邱军
张继光
孔凡玉
SUN Hui-qing;QIU Jun;ZHANG Ji-guang;KONG Fan-yu(The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program ASTIP-TRIC06,Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,Shandong,China)
出处
《农药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期52-55,共4页
Agrochemicals
关键词
除草剂
残留
消解
暴露评估
致癌风险
herbicide
residue
degradation
exposure assessment
carcinogenic risk
