摘要
传统的制衡-追随二分法已不足以描绘东南亚国家应对中国崛起的行为,"对冲"这一常见的金融术语因而进入国际关系研究话语之中。在对冲日益成为东亚国际关系分析通用语言的同时,对于该术语本身的探讨仍然不足。文章通过理论考察,希望进一步全面认识对冲的相关性、复杂性和丰富性。对冲兼具两个面向。一方面,它是东南亚国家在中国崛起背景下的日常政治操作,即组合使用经济接触、制度羁绊和间接制衡等手段,为自身在不确定的环境中获得利益和保障。另一方面,对冲还是一种转变力量,多种对冲手段的使用滋生或加重了东亚二元格局的不对称强化、地区制度的工具化和制度过剩、规范建构路径的衰退以及不确定性的累进等困扰东亚国际关系进程的诸多问题,甚至可能导致对冲本身难以为继。国际关系中的对冲因此具有双向和转变性特征,成为一个"蹩脚"的学术类比。对冲研究同时包含实然和应然问题。在学术上,对冲是超越制衡-追随二分的丰富而有用的概念;在实践中,对冲本身或许应该被"超越"。
The traditional balancing-bandwagoning dichotomy seems inadequate in helping to understand Southeast Asian states' behaviors in the face of China's rise,so'hedging',a term most commonly seen in financial circles, has been incorporated into International Relations(IR)rhetoric.Having become increasingly prominent in IR studies of East Asia,the term nonetheless has yet to be fully examined.This article thus seeks to conduct a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the term,pushing forward the understanding of its relevance,complexity,and richness.On the one hand,hedging is part of Southeast Asian states' 'everyday politics'as China rises.Southeast Asian states at once employ such tools as economic engagement,institutional enmeshment,and indirect balancing,so as to ensure a variety of interests as well as security against the backdrop of uncertainties.On the other hand,hedging is a transformative force just as well.The aforementioned tools tend to engender or exacerbate problems that could considerably plague East Asian international interactions:the asymmetric reification of the so-called dual-centerstructure in East Asia;the instrumentalist appropriation of institutions as well as institutional surplus;the debilitation of normative-constitutive pathways;and the persistence and aggravation of uncertainties.Taken together,those problems might well ultimately make hedging itself to cease to be sustainable.As such,unlike the one in finance,hedging in IR is bidirectional and transformative,rendering it an imperfect scholarly analogy at best.The study of hedging entails questions of both 'is'and 'ought'.Hedging as a scholarly concept helps scholars venture beyond the balancing-bandwagoning dichotomy,while in practice,states may have to eventually go beyond hedging itself.
出处
《当代亚太》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第6期4-33,共30页
Journal of Contemporary Asia-Pacific Studies
关键词
东南亚国家
中国崛起
对冲
不确定性
转变力量
Southeast Asian States
China's Rise
Hedging
Uncertainty
Transformative Force
