摘要
本文从探讨后全球化时代前期"再工业化"浪潮下美国、德国、法国、日本、中国等制造大国的制造业战略入手,全面阐述全球重要经济体高等工程教育发生的深刻变革。然后,通过揭示当下高等工程教育存在的主要问题,即学科导向和投入导向而不是结果导向,教育界与工业界的对接互动严重不足,缺乏评价学生知识能力的国际实质等效标准,工科教育"理科化",以及"重硬轻软""重事轻人"等,以工科人才培养目标的视角,从科技知识与工程技能、高级思维能力、数字化技术与智能工具、职业素养与工程伦理、"大工程观"下的综合素质等五个维度,深入系统地探讨了高效能卓越工科人才应具备的才能和素质。最后,作为案例介绍了西南交大在培养具有"工匠精神"的一流工科人才方面的探索与实践。
This article first discusses the manufacturing strategy of the United States, Germany, France, Japan, China and other big manufacturing countries in the post-globalization era, and comprehensively expounds the profound transformation of the higher engineering education in the world＇s major economies. Then, by revealing the major problems in present higher engineering education, namely, owning discipline orientation and input orientation instead of the result orientation, deficiency of the interaction between education and industry, lack of international substantive equivalence standard of evaluating students＇ knowledge and ability, treating engineering education as science education, ＂paying more attention to hardware, but not software＂, and ＂paying more attention to issues but not people＂. From the perspective of engineering talents training objectives, and five dimensions of scientific and technological knowledge and engineering skills, advanced thinking skills, digital technology and intelligent tools, professional ethics and engineering ethics and comprehensive quality under pan-engineering, this paper discusses in-depth and systematically the talents and quality that high-performance engineering should have. Finally, as a case, the exploration and practice of Southwest Jiaotong University in the training of first-class engineering talents with ＂artisan spirit＂ are introduced in the paper.
出处
《高等工程教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第6期1-6,36,共7页
Research in Higher Education of Engineering
