摘要
中国民间信仰研究,堪称中国近现代思想史与学术史上的一个"老大难问题"。这一难题早在明末清初中西方文化首次深层碰撞之时就被西方传教士提出来了,他们可谓全盘否定中国民间信仰的始作俑者。然而,近些年来的大量田野调查却告诉我们,看似古老的中国民间信仰之所以遍地复兴,主要原因即在于,它们乃是与普通百姓的日常生活息息相关的信仰习俗。若要重新理解中国民间信仰,必须清楚地认识到,中国近现代思想史上对民间信仰的强烈排斥倾向,深受"西方宗教概念暨宗教观"的偏颇影响,我们应该立足中国文化与宗教背景,把扎根于中国乡土的民间信仰视为"最普遍、最真实、最基本的宗教文化传统"。
The study of Chinese folk faith has been a long-standing difficulty in the modern history of ideas and academic studies in China. During the first in-depth encounter between Chinese and Western civilizations in late Ming and early Qing, Western missionaries had discovered this challenge and set the first example of total repudiation of Chinese folk faith. Recent fieldwork-based research suggests that age-old folk beliefs have started to revive, practically because they are the kinds of faith and customs that are closely related to the everyday life of ordinary people. Rethinking Chinese folk faith thus means to reflect upon the fundamentals, asking： Have the Western conception and ideas of religion had a significant impact on the modern intellectual history of China and its firm rejection of Chinese folk beliefs？ Should we not understand Chinese folk faith as primarily ＂organic religious-cultural phenomena＂？ Should we not focus on the ＂mainstream and fundamentals＂ of Chinese folk faith in order to rediscover its ＂true spirit and positive energy＂？ Should we not ground ourselves in the Chinese culture and religions, and conceive the folk faith across the country as its ＂most common, authentic and basic religious-cultural traditions＂？ Can we apply comparative methods to the study of Chinese folk faith in hopes of adding to or even amending and improving the theories and methods currently prevalent in the international study of religions？ Any success in attempting to answer the above questions shall confirm the theoretical value and practical significance of reconceptualizing Chinese folk faith.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第11期5-24,共20页
Academic Monthly
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中西宗教哲学比较的几组关键问题”(10JJD720013)
北京大学宗教文化研究院科研项目“中国宗教研究方法的反思与重建”的阶段性成果
关键词
中国民间信仰
原生态的宗教-文化
中国宗教文化传统
民间信仰比较研究
宗教研究的群
众观念
Chinese folk faith, organic religion-culture, Chinese religious-cultural traditions, comparativestudy of folk faith, grass-roots orientation of religious studies
